Section R802 — WOOD ROOF FRAMING

R802.1 General. ¶

Wood and wood-based products used for load-supporting purposes shall conform to the applicable provisions of this section.

R802.1.1 Sawn lumber. Sawn lumber shall be identified by a grade mark of an accredited lumber grading or inspection agency and have design values certified by an accreditation body that complies with DOC PS 20. In lieu of a grade mark, a certificate of inspection issued by a lumber grading or inspection agency meeting the requirements of this section shall be accepted.

Note: See Section R301.1.1.1 for limited-density owner- built rural dwellings.

R802.1.1.1 End-jointed lumber. Approved end-jointed lumber identified by a grade mark conforming to Section R802.1.1 shall be permitted to be used interchangeably with solid-sawn members of the same species and grade. End-jointed lumber used in an assembly required elsewhere in this code to have a fire-resistance rating shall have the designation “Heat-Resistant Adhesive” or “HRA” included in its grade mark.

R802.1.2 Structural glued-laminated timbers. Glued-laminated timbers shall be manufactured and identified as required in ANSI A190.1, ANSI 117 and ASTM D3737.

R802.1.3 Structural log members. Structural log members shall comply with the provisions of ICC 400.

R802.1.4 Structural composite lumber. Structural capacities for structural composite lumber shall be established and monitored in accordance with ASTM D5456.

R802.1.5 Cross-laminated timber. Cross-laminated timber shall be manufactured and identified as required by ANSI/APA PRG 320.

R802.1.6 Engineered wood rim board. Engineered wood rim boards shall conform to ANSI/APA PRR 410 or shall be evaluated in accordance with ASTM D7672. Structural capacities shall be in accordance with ANSI/APA PRR 410 or established in accordance with ASTM D7672. Rim boards conforming to ANSI/APA PRR 410 shall be marked in accordance with that standard.

R802.1.7 Prefabricated wood I-joists. Structural capacities and design provisions for prefabricated wood I-joists shall be established and monitored in accordance with ASTM D5055.

R802.2 Design and construction. ¶

The roof and ceiling assembly shall provide continuous ties across the structure to prevent roof thrust from being applied to the supporting walls. The assembly shall be designed and constructed in accordance with the provisions of this chapter and Figures R606.11(1), R606.11(2) and R606.11(3) or in accordance with AWC NDS.

R802.3 Ridge. ¶

A ridge board used to connect opposing rafters shall be not less than 1 inch (25 mm) nominal thickness and not less in depth than the cut end of the rafter. Where ceiling joist or rafter ties do not provide continuous ties across the structure as required by Section R802.5.2, the ridge shall be supported by a wall or ridge beam designed in accordance with accepted engineering practice and supported on each end by a wall or column.

R802.4 Rafters. Rafters shall be in accordance with this section. ¶

R802.4.1 Rafter size. Rafters shall be sized based on the rafter spans in Tables R802.4.1(1) through R802.4.1(8). Rafter spans shall be measured along the horizontal projection of the rafter. For other grades and species and for other loading conditions, refer to the AWC STJR.

on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

TABLE R802.4.1(1)—RAFTER SPANS FOR COMMON LUMBER SPECIES
(Roof live load = 20 psf, ceiling not attached to rafters, L/Δ = 180)

RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)
12	Douglas fir-larch	SS	11-6	18-0	23-9	Note b	Note b	11-6	18-0	23-9	Note b	Note b
12	Douglas fir-larch	#1	11-1	17-4	22-5	Note b	Note b	10-6	15-4	19-5	23-9	Note b
12	Douglas fir-larch	#2	10-10	16-10	21-4	26-0	Note b	10-0	14-7	18-5	22-6	26-0
12	Douglas fir-larch	#3	8-9	12-10	16-3	19-10	23-0	7-7	11-1	14-1	17-2	19-11
12	Hem-fir	SS	10-10	17-0	22-5	Note b	Note b	10-10	17-0	22-5	Note b	Note b
12	Hem-fir	#1	10 -7	16-8	22-0	Note b	Note b	10-4	15-2	19-2	23-5	Note b
12	Hem-fir	#2	10-1	15-11	20-8	25-3	Note b	9-8	14-2	17-11	21-11	25-5
12	Hem-fir	#3	8-7	12-6	15-10	19-5	22-6	7-5	10-10	13-9	16-9	19-6
12	Southern pine	SS	11-3	17-8	23-4	Note b	Note b	11-3	17-8	23-4	Note b	Note b
12	Southern pine	#1	10-10	17-0	22-5	Note b	Note b	10-6	15-8	19-10	23-2	Note b
12	Southern pine	#2	10-4	15-7	19-8	23-5	Note b	9-0	13-6	17-1	20-3	23-10
12	Southern pine	#3	8-0	11-9	14-10	18-0	21-4	6-11	10-2	12-10	15-7	18-6
12	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	10-7	16-8	21-11	Note b	Note b	10-7	16-8	21-9	Note b	Note b
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	10-4	16-3	21-0	25-8	Note b	9-10	14-4	18-2	22-3	25-9
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	10-4	16-3	21-0	25-8	Note b	9-10	14-4	18-2	22-3	25-9
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	8-7	12-6	15-10	19-5	22-6	7-5	10-10	13-9	16-9	19-6
16	Douglas fir-larch	SS	10-5	16-4	21-7	Note b	Note b	10-5	16-3	20-7	25-2	Note b
16	Douglas fir-larch	#1	10-0	15-4	19-5	23-9	Note b	9-1	13-3	16-10	20-7	23-10
16	Douglas fir-larch	#2	9-10	14-7	18-5	22-6	26-0	8-7	12-7	16-0	19-6	22-7
16	Douglas fir-larch	#3	7-7	11-1	14-1	17-2	19-11	6-7	9-8	12-12	14-11	17-3
16	Hem-fir	SS	9-10	15-6	20-5	Note b	Note b	9-10	15-6	19-11	24-4	Note b
16	Hem-fir	#1	9-8	15-2	19-2	23-5	Note b	9-0	13-1	16-7	20-4	23-7
16	Hem-fir	#2	9-2	14-2	17-11	21-11	25-5	8-5	12-3	15-6	18-11	22-0
16	Hem-fir	#3	7-5	10-10	13-9	16-9	19-6	6-5	9-5	11-11	14-6	16-10
16	Southern pine	SS	10-3	16-1	21-2	Note b	Note b	10-3	16-1	21-2	25-7	Note b
16	Southern pine	#1	9-10	15-6	19-10	23-2	Note b	9-1	13-7	17-2	20-1	23-10
16	Southern pine	#2	9-0	13-6	17-1	20-3	23-10	7-9	11-8	14-9	17-6	20-8
16	Southern pine	#3	6-11	10-2	12-10	15-7	18-6	6-0	8-10	11-2	13-6	16-0
16	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	9-8	15-2	19-11	25-5	Note b	9-8	14-10	18-10	23-0	Note b
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	9-5	14-4	18-2	22-3	25-9	8-6	12-5	15-9	19-3	22-4
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	9-5	14-4	18-2	22-3	25-9	8-6	12-5	15-9	19-3	22-4
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	7-5	10-10	13-9	16-9	19-6	6-5	9-5	11-11	14-6	16-10

8-4 2025 CALIFORNIA RESIDENTIAL CODE

on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

TABLE R802.4.1(1)—RAFTER SPANS FOR COMMON LUMBER SPECIES
(Roof live load = 20 psf, ceiling not attached to rafters, L/Δ = 180)—continued

RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	SS	9-10	15-5	20-4	25-11	Note b	9-10	14-10	18-10	23-0	Note b
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#1	9-5	14-0	17-9	21-8	25-2	8-4	12-2	15-4	18-9	21-9
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#2	9-1	13-3	16-10	20-7	23-10	7-10	11-6	14-7	17-10	20-8
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#3	6-11	10-2	12-10	15-8	18-3	6-0	8-9	11-2	12-7	15-9
19.2	Hem-fir	SS	9-3	14-7	19-2	24-6	Note b	9-3	14-4	18-2	22-3	25-9
19.2	Hem-fir	#1	9-1	13-10	17-6	21-5	24-10	8-2	12-0	15-2	18-6	21-6
19.2	Hem-fir	#2	8-8	12-11	16-4	20-0	23-2	7-8	11-2	14-2	17-4	20-1
19.2	Hem-fir	#3	6-9	9-11	12-7	15-4	17-9	5-10	8-7	10-10	13-3	15-5
19.2	Southern pine	SS	9-8	15-2	19-11	25-5	Note b	9-8	15-2	19-7	23-4	Note b
19.2	Southern pine	#1	9-3	14-3	18-1	21-2	25-2	8-4	12-4	15-8	18-4	21-9
19.2	Southern pine	#2	8-2	12-3	15-7	18-6	21-9	7-1	10-8	13-6	16-0	18-10
19.2	Southern pine	#3	6-4	9-4	11-9	14-3	16-10	5-6	8-1	10-2	12-4	14-7
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	9-1	14-3	18-9	23-11	Note b	9-1	13-7	17-2	21-0	24-4
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	8-10	13-1	16-7	20-3	23-6	7-9	11-4	14-4	17-7	20-4
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	8-10	13-1	16-7	20-3	23-6	7-9	11-4	14-4	17-7	20-4
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	6-9	9-11	12-7	15-4	17-9	5-10	8-7	10-10	13-3	15-5
24	Douglas fir-larch	SS	9-1	14-4	18-10	23-9	Note b	9-1	13-3	16-10	20-7	23-10
24	Douglas fir-larch	#1	8-7	12-6	15-10	19-5	22-6	7-5	10-10	13-9	16-9	19-6
24	Douglas fir-larch	#2	8-2	11-11	15-1	18-5	21-4	7-0	10-4	13-0	15-11	18-6
24	Douglas fir-larch	#3	6-2	9-1	11-6	14-1	16-3	5-4	7-10	10-0	12-2	14-1
24	Hem-fir	SS	8-7	13-6	17-10	22-9	Note b	8-7	12-10	16-3	19-10	23-0
24	Hem-fir	#1	8-5	12-4	15-8	19-2	22-2	7-4	10-9	13-7	16-7	19-3
24	Hem-fir	#2	7-11	11-7	14-8	17-10	20-9	6-10	10-0	12-8	15-6	17-11
24	Hem-fir	#3	6-1	8-10	11-3	13-8	15-11	5-3	7-8	9-9	11-10	13-9
24	Southern pine	SS	8-11	14-1	18-6	23-8	Note b	8-11	13-10	17-6	20-10	24-8
24	Southern pine	#1	8-7	12-9	16-2	18-11	22-6	7-5	11-1	14-0	16-5	19-6
24	Southern pine	#2	7-4	11-0	13-11	16-6	19-6	6-4	9-6	12-1	14-4	16-10
24	Southern pine	#3	5-8	8-4	10-6	12-9	15-1	4-11	7-3	9-1	11-0	13-1
24	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	8-5	13-3	17-5	21-8	25-2	8-4	12-2	15-4	18-9	21-9
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	8-0	11-9	14-10	18-2	21-0	6-11	10-2	12-10	15-8	18-3
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	8-0	11-9	14-10	18-2	21-0	6-11	10-2	12-10	15-8	18-3
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	6-1	8-10	11-3	13-8	15-11	5-3	7-8	9-9	11-10	13-9

Check sources for availability of lumber in lengths greater than 20 feet.
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound per square foot = 0.0479 kPa.
a. The tabulated rafter spans assume that ceiling joists are located at the bottom of the attic space or that some other method of resisting the outward push of the rafters on the
bearing walls, such as rafter ties, is provided at that location. Where ceiling joists or rafter ties are located higher in the attic space, the rafter spans shall be multiplied by the
adjustment factors in Table R802.4.1(9).
b. Span exceeds 26 feet in length.

on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

TABLE R802.4.1(2)—RAFTER SPANS FOR COMMON LUMBER SPECIES
(Roof live load = 20 psf, ceiling attached to rafters, L/Δ = 240)

RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)
12	Douglas fir-larch	SS	10-5	16-4	21-7	Note b	Note b	10-5	16-4	21-7	Note b	Note b
12	Douglas fir-larch	#1	10-0	15-9	20-10	Note b	Note b	10-0	15-4	19-5	23-9	Note b
12	Douglas fir-larch	#2	9-10	15-6	20-5	26-0	Note b	9-10	14-7	18-5	22-6	26-0
12	Douglas fir-larch	#3	8-9	12-10	16-3	19-10	23-0	7-7	11-1	14-1	17-2	19-11
12	Hem-fir	SS	9-10	15-6	20-5	Note b	Note b	9-10	15-6	20-5	Note b	Note b
12	Hem-fir	#1	9-8	15-2	19-11	25-5	Note b	9-8	15-2	19-2	23-5	Note b
12	Hem-fir	#2	9-2	14-5	19-0	24-3	Note b	9-2	14-2	17-11	21-11	25-5
12	Hem-fir	#3	8-7	12-6	15-10	19-5	22-6	7-5	10-10	13-9	16-9	19-6
12	Southern pine	SS	10-3	16-1	21-2	Note b	Note b	10-3	16-1	21-2	Note b	Note b
12	Southern pine	#1	9-10	15-6	20-5	Note b	Note b	9-10	15-6	19-10	23-2	Note b
12	Southern pine	#2	9-5	14-9	19-6	23-5	Note b	9-0	13-6	17-1	20-3	23-10
12	Southern pine	#3	8-0	11-9	14-10	18-0	21-4	6-11	10-2	12-10	15-7	18-6
12	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	9-8	15-2	19-11	25-5	Note b	9-8	15-2	19-11	25-5	Note b
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	9-5	14-9	19-6	24-10	Note b	9-5	14-4	18-2	22-3	25-9
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	9-5	14-9	19-6	24-10	Note b	9-5	14-4	18-2	22-3	25-9
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	8-7	12-6	15-10	19-5	22-6	7-5	10-10	13-9	16-9	19-6
16	Douglas fir-larch	SS	9-6	14-11	19-7	25-0	Note b	9-6	14-11	19-7	25-0	Note b
16	Douglas fir-larch	#1	9-1	14-4	18-11	23-9	Note b	9-1	13-3	16-10	20-7	23-10
16	Douglas fir-larch	#2	8-11	14-1	18-5	22-6	26-0	8-7	12-7	16-0	19-6	22-7
16	Douglas fir-larch	#3	7-7	11-1	14-1	17-2	19-11	6-7	9-8	12-2	14-11	17-3
16	Hem-fir	SS	8-11	14-1	18-6	23-8	Note b	8-11	14-1	18-6	23-8	Note b
16	Hem-fir	#1	8-9	13-9	18-1	23-1	Note b	8-9	13-1	16-7	20-4	23-7
16	Hem-fir	#2	8-4	13-1	17-3	21-11	25-5	8-4	12-3	15-6	18-11	22-0
16	Hem-fir	#3	7-5	10-10	13-9	16-9	19-6	6-5	9-5	11-11	14-6	16-10
16	Southern pine	SS	9-4	14-7	19-3	24-7	Note b	9-4	14-7	19-3	24-7	Note b
16	Southern pine	#1	8-11	14-1	18-6	23-2	Note b	8-11	13-7	17-2	20-1	23-10
16	Southern pine	#2	8-7	13-5	17-1	20-3	23-10	7-9	11-8	14-9	17-6	20-8
16	Southern pine	#3	6-11	10-2	12-10	15-7	18-6	6-0	8-10	11-2	13-6	16-0
16	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	8-9	13-9	18-1	23-1	Note b	8-9	13-9	18-1	23-0	Note b
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	8-7	13-5	17-9	22-3	25-9	8-6	12-5	15-9	19-3	22-4
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	8-7	13-5	17-9	22-3	25-9	8-6	12-5	15-9	19-3	22-4
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	7-5	10-10	13-9	16-9	19-6	6-5	9-5	11-11	14-6	16-10

8-6 2025 CALIFORNIA RESIDENTIAL CODE

on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

TABLE R802.4.1(2)—RAFTER SPANS FOR COMMON LUMBER SPECIES
(Roof live load = 20 psf, ceiling attached to rafters, L/Δ = 240)—continued

RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	SS	8-11	14-0	18-5	23-7	Note b	8-11	14-0	18-5	23-0	Note b
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#1	8-7	13-6	17-9	21-8	25-2	8-4	12-2	15-4	18-9	21-9
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#2	8-5	13-3	16-10	20-7	23-10	7-10	11-6	14-7	17-10	20-8
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#3	6-11	10-2	12-10	15-8	18-3	6-0	8-9	11-2	13-7	15-9
19.2	Hem-fir	SS	8-5	13-3	17-5	22-3	Note b	8-5	13-3	17-5	22-3	25-9
19.2	Hem-fir	#1	8-3	12-11	17-1	21-5	24-10	8-2	12-0	15-2	18-6	21-6
19.2	Hem-fir	#2	7-10	12-4	16-3	20-0	23-2	7-8	11-2	14-2	17-4	20-1
19.2	Hem-fir	#3	6-9	9-11	12-7	15-4	17-9	5-10	8-7	10-10	13-3	15-5
19.2	Southern pine	SS	8-9	13-9	18-2	23-1	Note b	8-9	13-9	18-2	23-1	Note b
19.2	Southern pine	#1	8-5	13-3	17-5	21-2	25-2	8-4	12-4	15-8	18-4	21-9
19.2	Southern pine	#2	8-1	12-3	15-7	18-6	21-9	7-1	10-8	13-6	16-0	18-10
19.2	Southern pine	#3	6-4	9-4	11-9	14-3	16-10	5-6	8-1	10-2	12-4	14-7
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	8-3	12-11	17-1	21-9	Note b	8-3	12-11	17-1	21-0	24-4
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	8-1	12-8	16-7	20-3	23-6	7-9	11-4	14-4	17-7	20-4
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	8-1	12-8	16-7	20-3	23-6	7-9	11-4	14-4	17-7	20-4
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	6-9	9-11	12-7	15-4	17-9	5-10	8-7	10-10	13-3	15-5
24	Douglas fir-larch	SS	8-3	13-0	17-2	21-10	Note b	8-3	13-0	16-10	20-7	23-10
24	Douglas fir-larch	#1	8-0	12-6	15-10	19-5	22-6	7-5	10-10	13-9	16-9	19-6
24	Douglas fir-larch	#2	7-10	11-11	15-1	18-5	21-4	7-0	10-4	13-0	15-11	18-6
24	Douglas fir-larch	#3	6-2	9-1	11-6	14-1	16-3	5-4	7-10	10-0	12-2	14-1
24	Hem-fir	SS	7-10	12-3	16-2	20-8	25-1	7-10	12-3	16-2	19-10	23-0
24	Hem-fir	#1	7-8	12-0	15-8	19-2	22-2	7-4	10-9	13-7	16-7	19-3
24	Hem-fir	#2	7-3	11-5	14-8	17-10	20-9	6-10	10-0	12-8	15-6	17-11
24	Hem-fir	#3	6-1	8-10	11-3	13-8	15-11	5-3	7-8	9-9	11-10	13-9
24	Southern pine	SS	8-1	12-9	16-10	21-6	Note b	8-1	12-9	16-10	20-10	24-8
24	Southern pine	#1	7-10	12-3	16-2	18-11	22-6	7-5	11-1	14-0	16-5	19-6
24	Southern pine	#2	7-4	11-0	13-11	16-6	19-6	6-4	9-6	12-1	14-4	16-10
24	Southern pine	#3	5-8	8-4	10-6	12-9	15-1	4-11	7-3	9-1	11-0	13-1
24	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	7-8	12-0	15-10	20-2	24-7	7-8	12-0	15-4	18-9	21-9
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	7-6	11-9	14-10	18-2	21-0	6-11	10-2	12-10	15-8	18-3
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	7-6	11-9	14-10	18-2	21-0	6-11	10-2	12-10	15-8	18-3
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	6-1	8-10	11-3	13-8	15-11	5-3	7-8	9-9	11-10	13-9

on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

TABLE R802.4.1(3)—RAFTER SPANS FOR COMMON LUMBER SPECIES
(Ground snow load = 30 psf, ceiling not attached to rafters, L/Δ = 180)

RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)
12	Douglas fir-larch	SS	10-0	15-9	20-9	Note b	Note b	10-0	15-9	20-5	24-11	Note b
12	Douglas fir-larch	#1	9-8	14-9	18-8	22-9	Note b	9-0	13-2	16-8	20-4	23-7
12	Douglas fir-larch	#2	9-6	14-0	17-8	21-7	25-1	8-6	12-6	15-10	19-4	22-5
12	Douglas fir-larch	#3	7-3	10-8	13-6	16-6	19-2	6-6	9-6	12-1	14-9	17-1
12	Hem-fir	SS	9-6	14-10	19-7	25-0	Note b	9-6	14-10	19-7	24-1	Note b
12	Hem-fir	#1	9-3	14-6	18-5	22-6	26-0	8-11	13-0	16-6	20-1	23-4
12	Hem-fir	#2	8-10	13-7	17-2	21-0	24-4	8-4	12-2	15-4	18-9	21-9
12	Hem-fir	#3	7-1	10-5	13-2	16-1	18-8	6-4	9-4	11-9	14-5	16-8
12	Southern pine	SS	9-10	15-6	20-5	Note b	Note b	9-10	15-6	20-5	25-4	Note b
12	Southern pine	#1	9-6	14-10	19-0	22-3	Note b	9-0	13-5	17-0	19-11	23-7
12	Southern pine	#2	8-7	12-11	16-4	19-5	22-10	7-8	11-7	14-8	17-4	20-5
12	Southern pine	#3	6-7	9-9	12-4	15-0	17-9	5-11	8-9	11-0	13-5	15-10
12	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	9-3	14-7	19-2	24-6	Note b	9-3	14-7	18-8	22-9	Note b
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	9-1	13-9	17-5	21-4	24-8	8-5	12-4	15-7	19-1	22-1
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	9-1	13-9	17-5	21-4	24-8	8-5	12-4	15-7	19-1	22-1
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	7-1	10-5	13-2	16-1	18-8	6-4	9-4	11-9	14-5	16-8
16	Douglas fir-larch	SS	9-1	14-4	18-10	24-1	Note b	9-1	14-0	17-8	21-7	25-1
16	Douglas fir-larch	#1	8-9	12-9	16-2	19-9	22-10	7-10	11-5	14-5	17-8	20-5
16	Douglas fir-larch	#2	8-3	12-1	15-4	18-9	21-8	7-5	10-10	13-8	16-9	19-5
16	Douglas fir-larch	#3	6-4	9-3	11-8	14-3	16-7	5-8	8-3	10-6	12-9	14-10
16	Hem-fir	SS	8-7	13-6	17-10	22-9	Note b	8-7	13-6	17-1	20-10	24-2
16	Hem-fir	#1	8-5	12-7	15-11	19-6	22-7	7-8	11-3	14-3	17-5	20-2
16	Hem-fir	#2	8-0	11-9	14-11	18-2	21-1	7-2	10-6	13-4	16-3	18-10
16	Hem-fir	#3	6-2	9-0	11-5	13-11	16-2	5-6	8-1	10-3	12-6	14-6
16	Southern pine	SS	8-11	14-1	18-6	23-8	Note b	8-11	14-1	18-5	1-11	25-11
16	Southern pine	#1	8-7	13-0	16-6	19-3	22-10	7-10	11-7	14-9	17-3	20-5
16	Southern pine	#2	7-6	11-2	14-2	16-10	19-10	6-8	10-0	12-8	15-1	17-9
16	Southern pine	#3	5-9	8-6	10-8	13-0	15-4	5-2	7-7	9-7	11-7	13-9
16	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	8-5	13-3	17-5	22-1	25-7	8-5	12-9	16-2	19-9	22-10
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	8-2	11-11	15-1	18-5	21-5	7-3	10-8	13-6	16-6	19-2
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	8-2	11-11	15-1	18-5	21-5	7-3	10-8	13-6	16-6	19-2
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	6-2	9-0	11-5	13-11	16-2	5-6	8-1	10-3	12-6	14-6

8-8 2025 CALIFORNIA RESIDENTIAL CODE

on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

TABLE R802.4.1(3)—RAFTER SPANS FOR COMMON LUMBER SPECIES
(Ground snow load = 30 psf, ceiling not attached to rafters, L/Δ = 180)—continued

RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	SS	8-7	13-6	17-9	22-1	25-7	8-7	12-9	16-2	19-9	22-10
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#1	7-11	11-8	14-9	18-0	20-11	7-1	10-5	13-2	16-1	18-8
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#2	7-7	11-0	14-0	17-1	19-10	6-9	9-10	12-6	15-3	17-9
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#3	5-9	8-5	10-8	13-1	15-2	5-2	7-7	9-7	11-8	13-6
19.2	Hem-fir	SS	8-1	12-9	16-9	21-4	24-8	8-1	12-4	15-7	19-1	22-1
19.2	Hem-fir	#1	7-10	11-6	14-7	17-9	20-7	7-0	10-3	13-0	15-11	18-5
19.2	Hem-fir	#2	7-4	10-9	13-7	16-7	19-3	6-7	9-7	12-2	14-10	17-3
19.2	Hem-fir	#3	5-7	8-3	10-5	12-9	14-9	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2
19.2	Southern pine	SS	8-5	13-3	17-5	22-3	Note b	8-5	13-3	16-10	20-0	23-7
19.2	Southern pine	#1	8-0	11-10	15-1	17-7	20-11	7-1	10-7	13-5	15-9	18-8
19.2	Southern pine	#2	6-10	10-2	12-11	15-4	18-1	6-1	9-2	11-7	13-9	16-2
19.2	Southern pine	#3	5-3	7-9	9-9	11-10	14-0	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-7	12-6
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	7-11	12-5	16-5	20-2	23-4	7-11	11-8	14-9	18-0	20-11
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	7-5	10-11	13-9	16-10	19-6	6-8	9-9	12-4	15-1	17-6
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	7-5	10-11	13-9	16-10	19-6	6-8	9-9	12-4	15-1	17-6
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	5-7	8-3	10-5	12-9	14-9	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2
24	Douglas fir-larch	SS	8-0	12-6	16-2	19-9	22-10	7-10	11-5	14-5	17-8	20-5
24	Douglas fir-larch	#1	7-1	10-5	13-2	16-1	18-8	6-4	9-4	11-9	14-5	16-8
24	Douglas fir-larch	#2	6-9	9-10	12-6	15-3	17-9	6-0	8-10	11-2	13-8	15-10
24	Douglas fir-larch	#3	5-2	7-7	9-7	11-8	13-6	4-7	6-9	8-7	10-5	12-1
24	Hem-fir	SS	7-6	11-10	15-7	19-1	22-1	7-6	11-0	13-11	17-0	19-9
24	Hem-fir	#1	7-0	10-3	13-0	15-11	18-5	6-3	9-2	11-8	14-3	16-6
24	Hem-fir	#2	6-7	9-7	12-2	14-10	17-3	5-10	8-7	10-10	13-3	15-5
24	Hem-fir	#3	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2	4-6	6-7	8-4	10-2	11-10
24	Southern pine	SS	7-10	12-3	16-2	20-0	23-7	7-10	11-10	15-0	17-11	21-2
24	Southern pine	#1	7-1	10-7	13-5	15-9	18-8	6-4	9-6	12-0	14-1	16-8
24	Southern pine	#2	6-1	9-2	11-7	13-9	16-2	5-5	8-2	10-4	12-3	14-6
24	Southern pine	#3	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-7	12-6	4-2	6-2	7-10	9-6	11-2
24	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	7-4	11-7	14-9	18-0	20-11	7-1	10-5	13-2	16-1	18-8
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	6-8	9-9	12-4	15-1	17-6	5-11	8-8	11-0	13-6	15-7
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	6-8	9-9	12-4	15-1	17-6	5-11	8-8	11-0	13-6	15-7
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2	4-6	6-7	8-4	10-2	11-10

on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

TABLE R802.4.1(4)—RAFTER SPANS FOR COMMON LUMBER SPECIES
(Ground snow load = 30 psf, ceiling attached to rafters, L/Δ = 240)

RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)
12	Douglas fir-larch	SS	9-1	14-4	18-10	24-1	Note b	9-1	14-4	18-10	24-1	Note b
12	Douglas fir-larch	#1	8-9	13-9	18-2	22-9	Note b	8-9	13-2	16-8	20-4	23-7
12	Douglas fir-larch	#2	8-7	13-6	17-8	21-7	25-1	8-6	12-6	15-10	19-4	22-5
12	Douglas fir-larch	#3	7-3	10-8	13-6	16-6	19-2	6-6	9-6	12-1	14-9	17-1
12	Hem-fir	SS	8-7	13-6	17-10	22-9	Note b	8-7	13-6	17-10	22-9	Note b
12	Hem-fir	#1	8-5	13-3	17-5	22-3	26-0	8-5	13-0	16-6	20-1	23-4
12	Hem-fir	#2	8-0	12-7	16-7	21-0	24-4	8-0	12-2	15-4	18-9	21-9
12	Hem-fir	#3	7-1	10-5	13-2	16-1	18-8	6-4	9-4	11-9	14-5	16-8
12	Southern pine	SS	8-11	14-1	18-6	23-8	Note b	8-11	14-1	18-6	23-8	Note b
12	Southern pine	#1	8-7	13-6	17-10	22-3	Note b	8-7	13-5	17-0	19-11	23-7
12	Southern pine	#2	8-3	12-11	16-4	19-5	22-10	7-8	11-7	14-8	17-4	20-5
12	Southern pine	#3	6-7	9-9	12-4	15-0	17-9	5-11	8-9	11-0	13-5	15-10
12	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	8-5	13-3	17-5	22-3	Note b	8-5	13-3	17-5	22-3	Note b
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	8-3	12-11	17-0	21-4	24-8	8-3	12-4	15-7	19-1	22-1
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	8-3	12-11	17-0	21-4	24-8	8-3	12-4	15-7	19-1	22-1
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	7-1	10-5	13-2	16-1	18-8	6-4	9-4	11-9	14-5	16-8
16	Douglas fir-larch	SS	8-3	13-0	17-2	21-10	Note b	8-3	13-0	17-2	21-7	25-1
16	Douglas fir-larch	#1	8-0	12-6	16-2	19-9	22-10	7-10	11-5	14-5	17-8	20-5
16	Douglas fir-larch	#2	7-10	12-1	15-4	18-9	21-8	7-5	10-10	13-8	16-9	19-5
16	Douglas fir-larch	#3	6-4	9-3	11-8	14-3	16-7	5-8	8-3	10-6	12-9	14-10
16	Hem-fir	SS	7-10	12-3	16-2	20-8	25-1	7-10	12-3	16-2	20-8	24-2
16	Hem-fir	#1	7-8	12-0	15-10	19-6	22-7	7-8	11-3	14-3	17-5	20-2
16	Hem-fir	#2	7-3	11-5	14-11	18-2	21-1	7-2	10-6	13-4	16-3	18-10
16	Hem-fir	#3	6-2	9-0	11-5	13-11	16-2	5-6	8-1	10-3	12-6	14-6
16	Southern pine	SS	8-1	12-9	16-10	21-6	Note b	8-1	12-9	16-10	21-6	25-11
16	Southern pine	#1	7-10	12-3	16-2	19-3	22-10	7-10	11-7	14-9	17-3	20-5
16	Southern pine	#2	7-6	11-2	14-2	16-10	19-10	6-8	10-0	12-8	15-1	17-9
16	Southern pine	#3	5-9	8-6	10-8	13-0	15-4	5-2	7-7	9-7	11-7	13-9
16	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	7-8	12-0	15-10	20-2	24-7	7-8	12-0	15-10	19-9	22-10
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	7-6	11-9	15-1	18-5	21-5	7-3	10-8	13-6	16-6	19-2
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	7-6	11-9	15-1	18-5	21-5	7-3	10-8	13-6	16-6	19-2
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	6-2	9-0	11-5	13-11	16-2	5-6	8-1	10-3	12-6	14-6

8-10 2025 CALIFORNIA RESIDENTIAL CODE

on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

TABLE R802.4.1(4)—RAFTER SPANS FOR COMMON LUMBER SPECIES
(Ground snow load = 30 psf, ceiling attached to rafters, L/Δ = 240)—continued

RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	SS	7-9	12-3	16-1	20-7	25-0	7-9	12-3	16-1	19-9	22-10
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#1	7-6	11-8	14-9	18-0	20-11	7-1	10-5	13-2	16-1	18-8
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#2	7-4	11-0	14-0	17-1	19-10	6-9	9-1	12-6	15-3	17-9
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#3	5-9	8-5	10-8	13-1	15-2	5-2	7-7	9-7	11-8	13-6
19.2	Hem-fir	SS	7-4	11-7	15-3	19-5	23-7	7-4	11-7	15-3	19-1	22-1
19.2	Hem-fir	#1	7-2	11-4	14-7	17-9	20-7	7-0	16-3	13-0	15-11	18-5
19.2	Hem-fir	#2	6-10	10-9	13-7	16-7	19-3	6-7	9-7	12-2	14-10	17-3
19.2	Hem-fir	#3	5-7	8-3	10-5	12-9	14-9	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2
19.2	Southern pine	SS	7-8	12-0	15-10	20-2	24-7	7-8	12-0	15-10	20-0	23-7
19.2	Southern pine	#1	7-4	11-7	15-1	17-7	20-11	7-1	10-7	13-5	15-9	18-8
19.2	Southern pine	#2	6-10	10-2	12-11	15-4	18-1	6-1	9-2	11-7	13-9	16-2
19.2	Southern pine	#3	5-3	7-9	9-9	11-10	14-0	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-7	12-6
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	7-2	11-4	14-11	19-0	23-1	7-2	11-4	14-9	18-0	20-11
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	7-0	10-11	13-9	16-10	19-6	6-8	9-9	12-4	15-1	17-6
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	7-0	10-11	13-9	16-10	19-6	6-8	9-9	12-4	15-1	17-6
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	5-7	8-3	10-5	12-9	14-9	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2
24	Douglas fir-larch	SS	7-3	11-4	15-0	19-1	22-10	7-3	11-4	14-5	17-8	20-5
24	Douglas fir-larch	#1	7-0	10-5	13-2	16-1	18-8	6-4	9-4	11-9	14-5	16-8
24	Douglas fir-larch	#2	6-9	9-10	12-6	15-3	17-9	6-0	8-10	11-2	13-8	15-10
24	Douglas fir-larch	#3	5-2	7-7	9-7	11-8	13-6	4-7	6-9	8-7	10-5	12-1
24	Hem-fir	SS	6-10	10-9	14-2	18-0	21-11	6-10	10-9	13-11	17-0	19-9
24	Hem-fir	#1	6-8	10-3	13-0	15-11	18-5	6-3	9-2	11-8	14-3	16-6
24	Hem-fir	#2	6-4	9-7	12-2	14-10	17-3	5-10	8-7	10-10	13-3	15-5
24	Hem-fir	#3	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2	4-6	6-7	8-4	10-2	11-10
24	Southern pine	SS	7-1	11-2	14-8	18-9	22-10	7-1	11-2	14-8	17-11	21-2
24	Southern pine	#1	6-10	10-7	13-5	15-9	18-8	6-4	9-6	12-0	14-1	16-8
24	Southern pine	#2	6-1	9-2	11-7	13-9	16-2	5-5	8-2	10-4	12-3	14-6
24	Southern pine	#3	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-7	12-6	4-2	6-2	7-10	9-6	11-2
24	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	6-8	10-6	13-10	17-8	20-11	6-8	10-5	13-2	16-1	18-8
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	6-6	9-9	12-4	15-1	17-6	5-11	8-8	11-0	13-6	15-7
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	6-6	9-9	12-4	15-1	17-6	5-11	8-8	11-0	13-6	15-7
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2	4-6	6-7	8-4	10-2	11-10

on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

TABLE R802.4.1(5)—RAFTER SPANS FOR COMMON LUMBER SPECIES
(Ground snow load = 50 psf, ceiling not attached to rafters, L/Δ = 180)

RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)
12	Douglas fir-larch	SS	8-5	13-3	17-6	22-4	26-0	8-5	13-3	17-3	21-1	24-5
12	Douglas fir-larch	#1	8-2	12-0	15-3	18-7	21-7	7-7	11-2	14-1	17-3	20-0
12	Douglas fir-larch	#2	7-10	11-5	14-5	17-8	20-5	7-3	10-7	13-4	16-4	18-11
12	Douglas fir-larch	#3	6-0	8-9	11-0	13-6	15-7	5-6	8-1	10-3	12-6	14-6
12	Hem-fir	SS	8-0	12-6	16-6	21-1	25-6	8-0	12-6	16-6	20-4	23-7
12	Hem-fir	#1	7-10	11-10	15-0	18-4	21-3	7-6	11-0	13-11	17-0	19-9
12	Hem-fir	#2	7-5	11-1	14-0	17-2	19-11	7-0	10-3	13-0	15-10	18-5
12	Hem-fir	#3	5-10	8-6	10-9	13-2	15-3	5-5	7-10	10-0	12-2	14-1
12	Southern pine	SS	8-4	13-1	17-2	21-11	Note b	8-4	13-1	17-2	21-5	25-3
12	Southern pine	#1	8-0	12-3	15-6	18-2	21-7	7-7	11-4	14-5	16-10	20-0
12	Southern pine	#2	7-0	10-6	13-4	15-10	18-8	6-6	9-9	12-4	14-8	17-3
12	Southern pine	#3	5-5	8-0	10-1	12-3	14-6	5-0	7-5	9-4	11-4	13-5
12	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	7-10	12-3	16-2	20-8	24-1	7-10	12-3	15-9	19-3	22-4
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	7-8	11-3	14-3	17-5	20-2	7-1	10-5	13-2	16-1	18-8
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	7-8	11-3	14-3	17-5	20-2	7-1	10-5	13-2	16-1	18-8
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	5-10	8-6	10-9	13-2	15-3	5-5	7-10	10-0	12-2	14-1
16	Douglas fir-larch	SS	7-8	12-1	15-11	19-9	22-10	7-8	11-10	14-11	18-3	21-2
16	Douglas fir-larch	#1	7-1	10-5	13-2	16-1	18-8	6-7	9-8	12-2	14-11	17-3
16	Douglas fir-larch	#2	6-9	9-10	12-6	15-3	17-9	6-3	9-2	11-7	14-2	16-5
16	Douglas fir-larch	#3	5-2	7-7	9-7	11-8	13-6	4-9	7-0	8-10	10-10	12-6
16	Hem-fir	SS	7-3	11-5	15-0	19-1	22-1	7-3	11-5	14-5	17-8	20-5
16	Hem-fir	#1	7-0	10-3	13-0	15-11	18-5	6-6	9-6	12-1	14-9	17-1
16	Hem-fir	#2	6-7	9-7	12-2	14-10	17-3	6-1	8-11	11-3	13-9	15-11
16	Hem-fir	#3	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2	4-8	6-10	8-8	10-6	12-3
16	Southern pine	SS	7-6	11-10	15-7	19-11	23-7	7-6	11-10	15-7	18-6	21-10
16	Southern pine	#1	7-1	10-7	13-5	15-9	18-8	6-7	9-10	12-5	14-7	17-3
16	Southern pine	#2	6-1	9-2	11-7	13-9	16-2	5-8	8-5	10-9	12-9	15-0
16	Southern pine	#3	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-7	12-6	4-4	6-5	8-1	9-10	11-7
16	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	7-1	11-2	14-8	18-0	20-11	7-1	10-9	13-8	15-11	19-4
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	6-8	9-9	12-4	15-1	17-6	6-2	9-0	11-5	13-11	16-2
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	6-8	9-9	12-4	15-1	17-6	6-2	9-0	11-5	13-11	16-2
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2	4-8	6-10	8-8	10-6	12-3

8-12 2025 CALIFORNIA RESIDENTIAL CODE

on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

TABLE R802.4.1(5)—RAFTER SPANS FOR COMMON LUMBER SPECIES
(Ground snow load = 50 psf, ceiling not attached to rafters, L/Δ = 180)—continued

RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	SS	7-3	11-4	14-9	18-0	20-11	7-3	10-9	13-8	16-8	19-4
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#1	6-6	9-6	12-0	14-8	17-1	6-0	8-10	11-2	13-7	15-9
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#2	6-2	9-0	11-5	13-11	16-2	5-8	8-4	10-9	12-11	15-0
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#3	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-8	12-4	4-4	6-4	8-1	9-10	11-5
19.2	Hem-fir	SS	6-10	10-9	14-2	17-5	20-2	6-10	10-5	13-2	16-1	18-8
19.2	Hem-fir	#1	6-5	9-5	11-11	14-6	16-10	8-11	8-8	11-0	13-5	15-7
19.2	Hem-fir	#2	6-0	8-9	11-1	13-7	15-9	5-7	8-1	10-3	12-7	14-7
19.2	Hem-fir	#3	4-7	6-9	8-6	10-5	12-1	4-3	6-3	7-11	9-7	11-2
19.2	Southern pine	SS	7-1	11-2	14-8	18-3	21-7	7-1	11-2	14-2	16-11	20-0
19.2	Southern pine	#1	6-6	9-8	12-3	14-4	17-1	6-0	9-0	11-4	13-4	15-9
19.2	Southern pine	#2	5-7	8-4	10-7	12-6	14-9	5-2	7-9	9-9	11-7	13-8
19.2	Southern pine	#3	4-3	6-4	8-0	9-8	11-5	4-0	5-10	7-4	8-11	10-7
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	6-8	10-6	13-5	16-5	19-1	6-8	9-10	12-5	15-3	17-8
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	6-1	8-11	11-3	13-9	15-11	5-7	8-3	10-5	12-9	14-9
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	6-1	8-11	11-3	13-9	15-11	5-7	8-3	10-5	12-9	14-9
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	4-7	6-9	8-6	10-5	12-1	4-3	6-3	7-11	9-7	11-2
24	Douglas fir-larch	SS	6-8	10-5	13-2	16-1	18-8	6-7	9-8	12-2	14-11	17-3
24	Douglas fir-larch	#1	5-10	8-6	10-9	13-2	15-3	5-5	7-10	10-0	12-2	14-1
24	Douglas fir-larch	#2	5-6	8-1	10-3	12-6	14-6	5-1	7-6	9-5	11-7	13-5
24	Douglas fir-larch	#3	4-3	6-2	7-10	9-6	11-1	3-11	5-8	7-3	8-10	10-3
24	Hem-fir	SS	6-4	9-11	12-9	15-7	18-0	6-4	9-4	11-9	14-5	16-8
24	Hem-fir	#1	5-9	8-5	10-8	13-0	15-1	8-4	7-9	9-10	12-0	13-11
24	Hem-fir	#2	5-4	7-10	9-11	12-1	14-1	4-11	7-3	9-2	11-3	13-0
24	Hem-fir	#3	4-1	6-0	7-7	9-4	10-9	3-10	5-7	7-1	8-7	10-0
24	Southern pine	SS	6-7	10-4	13-8	16-4	19-3	6-7	10-0	12-8	15-2	17-10
24	Southern pine	#1	5-10	8-8	11-0	12-10	15-3	5-5	8-0	10-2	11-11	14-1
24	Southern pine	#2	5-0	7-5	9-5	11-3	13-2	4-7	6-11	8-9	10-5	12-3
24	Southern pine	#3	3-10	5-8	7-1	8-8	10-3	3-6	5-3	6-7	8-0	9-6
24	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	6-2	9-6	12-0	14-8	17-1	6-0	8-10	11-2	13-7	15-9
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	5-5	7-11	10-1	12-4	14-3	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	5-5	7-11	10-1	12-4	14-3	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	4-1	6-0	7-7	9-4	10-9	3-10	5-7	7-1	8-7	10-0

on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

TABLE R802.4.1(6)—RAFTER SPANS FOR COMMON LUMBER SPECIES
(Ground snow load = 50 psf, ceiling attached to rafters, L/Δ = 240)

RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)
12	Douglas fir-larch	SS	7-8	12-1	15-11	20-3	24-8	7-8	12-1	15-11	20-3	24-5
12	Douglas fir-larch	#1	7-5	11-7	15-3	18-7	21-7	7-5	11-2	14-1	17-3	20-0
12	Douglas fir-larch	#2	7-3	11-5	14-5	17-8	20-5	7-3	10-7	13-4	16-4	18-11
12	Douglas fir-larch	#3	6-0	8-9	11-0	13-6	15-7	5-6	8-1	10-3	12-6	14-6
12	Hem-fir	SS	7-3	11-5	15-0	19-2	23-4	7-3	11-5	15-0	19-2	23-4
12	Hem-fir	#1	7-1	11-2	14-8	18-4	21-3	7-1	11-0	13-11	17-0	19-9
12	Hem-fir	#2	6-9	10-8	14-0	17-2	19-11	6-9	10-3	13-0	15-10	18-5
12	Hem-fir	#3	5-10	8-6	10-9	13-2	15-3	5-5	7-10	10-0	12-2	14-1
12	Southern pine	SS	7-6	11-10	15-7	19-11	24-3	7-6	11-10	15-7	19-11	24-3
12	Southern pine	#1	7-3	11-5	15-0	18-2	21-7	7-3	11-4	14-5	16-10	20-0
12	Southern pine	#2	6-11	10-6	13-4	15-10	18-8	6-6	9-9	12-4	14-8	17-3
12	Southern pine	#3	5-5	8-0	10-1	12-3	14-6	5-0	7-5	9-4	11-4	13-5
12	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	7-1	11-2	14-8	18-9	22-10	7-1	11-2	14-8	18-9	22-4
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	6-11	10-11	14-3	17-5	20-2	6-11	10-5	13-2	16-1	18-8
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	6-11	10-11	14-3	17-5	20-2	6-11	10-5	13-2	16-1	18-8
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	5-10	8-6	10-9	13-2	15-3	5-5	7-10	10-0	12-2	14-1
16	Douglas fir-larch	SS	7-0	11-0	14-5	18-5	22-5	7-0	11-0	14-5	18-3	21-2
16	Douglas fir-larch	#1	6-9	10-5	13-2	16-1	18-8	6-7	9-8	12-2	14-11	17-3
16	Douglas fir-larch	#2	6-7	9-10	12-6	15-3	17-9	6-3	9-2	11-7	14-2	16-5
16	Douglas fir-larch	#3	5-2	7-7	9-7	11-8	13-6	4-9	7-0	8-10	10-10	12-6
16	Hem-fir	SS	6-7	10-4	13-8	17-5	21-2	6-7	10-4	13-8	17-5	20-5
16	Hem-fir	#1	6-5	10-2	13-0	15-11	18-5	6-5	9-6	12-1	14-9	17-1
16	Hem-fir	#2	6-2	9-7	12-2	14-10	17-3	6-1	8-11	11-3	13-9	15-11
16	Hem-fir	#3	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2	4-8	6-10	8-8	10-6	12-3
16	Southern pine	SS	6-10	10-9	14-2	18-1	22-0	6-10	10-9	14-2	18-1	21-10
16	Southern pine	#1	6-7	10-4	13-5	15-9	18-8	6-7	9-10	12-5	14-7	17-3
16	Southern pine	#2	6-1	9-2	11-7	13-9	16-2	5-8	8-5	10-9	12-9	15-0
16	Southern pine	#3	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-7	12-6	4-4	6-5	8-1	9-10	11-7
16	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	6-5	10-2	13-4	17-0	20-9	6-5	10-2	13-4	16-8	19-4
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	6-4	9-9	12-4	15-1	17-6	6-2	9-0	11-5	13-11	16-2
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	6-4	9-9	12-4	15-1	17-6	6-2	9-0	11-5	13-11	16-2
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2	4-8	6-10	8-8	10-6	12-3

8-14 2025 CALIFORNIA RESIDENTIAL CODE

on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

TABLE R802.4.1(6)—RAFTER SPANS FOR COMMON LUMBER SPECIES
(Ground snow load = 50 psf, ceiling attached to rafters, L/Δ = 240)—continued

RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	SS	6-7	10-4	13-7	17-4	20-11	6-7	10-4	13-7	16-8	19-4
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#1	6-4	9-6	12-0	14-8	17-1	6-0	8-10	11-2	13-7	15-9
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#2	6-2	9-0	11-5	13-11	16-2	5-8	8-4	10-7	12-11	15-0
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#3	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-8	12-4	4-4	6-4	8-1	9-10	11-5
19.2	Hem-fir	SS	6-2	9-9	12-10	16-5	19-11	6-2	9-9	12-10	16-1	18-8
19.2	Hem-fir	#1	6-1	9-5	11-11	14-6	16-10	5-11	8-8	11-0	13-5	15-7
19.2	Hem-fir	#2	5-9	8-9	11-1	13-7	15-9	5-7	8-1	10-3	12-7	14-7
19.2	Hem-fir	#3	4-7	6-9	8-6	10-5	12-1	4-3	6-3	7-11	9-7	11-2
19.2	Southern pine	SS	6-5	10-2	13-4	17-0	20-9	6-5	10-2	13-4	16-11	20-0
19.2	Southern pine	#1	6-2	9-8	12-3	14-4	17-1	6-0	9-0	11-4	13-4	15-9
19.2	Southern pine	#2	5-7	8-4	10-7	12-6	14-9	5-2	7-9	9-9	11-7	13-8
19.2	Southern pine	#3	4-3	6-4	8-0	9-8	11-5	4-0	5-10	7-4	8-11	10-7
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	6-1	9-6	12-7	16-0	19-1	6-1	9-6	12-5	15-3	17-8
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	5-11	8-11	11-3	13-9	15-11	5-7	8-3	10-5	12-9	14-9
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	5-11	8-11	11-3	13-9	15-11	5-7	8-3	10-5	12-9	14-9
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	4-7	6-9	8-6	10-5	12-1	4-3	6-3	7-11	9-7	11-2
24	Douglas fir-larch	SS	6-1	9-7	12-7	16-1	18-8	6-1	9-7	12-2	14-11	17-3
24	Douglas fir-larch	#1	5-10	8-6	10-9	13-2	15-3	5-5	7-10	10-0	12-2	14-1
24	Douglas fir-larch	#2	5-6	8-1	10-3	12-6	14-6	5-1	7-6	9-5	11-7	13-5
24	Douglas fir-larch	#3	4-3	6-2	7-10	9-6	11-1	3-11	5-8	7-3	8-10	10-3
24	Hem-fir	SS	5-9	9-1	11-11	15-2	18-0	5-9	9-1	11-9	14-5	15-11
24	Hem-fir	#1	5-8	8-5	10-8	13-0	15-1	5-4	7-9	9-10	12-0	13-11
24	Hem-fir	#2	5-4	7-10	9-11	12-1	14-1	4-11	7-3	9-2	11-3	13-0
24	Hem-fir	#3	4-1	6-0	7-7	9-4	10-9	3-10	5-7	7-1	8-7	10-0
24	Southern pine	SS	6-0	9-5	12-5	15-10	19-3	6-0	9-5	12-5	15-2	17-10
24	Southern pine	#1	5-9	8-8	11-0	12-10	15-3	5-5	8-0	10-2	11-11	14-1
24	Southern pine	#2	5-0	7-5	9-5	11-3	13-2	4-7	6-11	8-9	10-5	12-3
24	Southern pine	#3	3-10	5-8	7-1	8-8	10-3	3-6	5-3	6-7	8-0	9-6
24	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	5-8	8-10	11-8	14-8	17-1	5-8	8-10	11-2	13-7	15-9
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	5-5	7-11	10-1	12-4	14-3	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	5-5	7-11	10-1	12-4	14-3	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	4-1	6-0	7-7	9-4	10-9	3-10	5-7	7-1	8-7	10-0

on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

TABLE R802.4.1(7)—RAFTER SPANS FOR COMMON LUMBER SPECIES
(Ground snow load = 70 psf, ceiling not attached to rafters, L/Δ = 180)

RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)
12	Douglas fir-larch	SS	7-7	11-10	15-8	19-9	22-10	7-7	11-10	15-3	18-7	21-7
12	Douglas fir-larch	#1	7-1	10-5	13-2	16-1	18-8	6-8	9-10	12-5	15-2	17-7
12	Douglas fir-larch	#2	6-9	9-10	12-6	15-3	17-9	6-4	9-4	11-9	14-5	16-8
12	Douglas fir-larch	#3	5-2	7-7	9-7	11-8	13-6	4-10	7-1	9-0	11-0	12-9
12	Hem-fir	SS	7-2	11-3	14-9	18-10	22-1	7-2	11-3	14-8	18-0	20-10
12	Hem-fir	#1	7-0	10-3	13-0	15-11	18-5	6-7	9-8	12-3	15-0	17-5
12	Hem-fir	#2	6-7	9-7	12-2	14-10	17-3	6-2	9-1	11-5	14-0	16-3
12	Hem-fir	#3	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2	4-9	6-11	8-9	10-9	12-5
12	Southern pine	SS	7-5	11-8	15-4	19-7	23-7	7-5	11-8	15-4	18-10	22-3
12	Southern pine	#1	7-1	10-7	13-5	15-9	18-8	6-9	10-0	12-8	14-10	17-7
12	Southern pine	#2	6-1	9-2	11-7	13-9	16-2	5-9	8-7	10-11	12-11	15-3
12	Southern pine	#3	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-7	12-6	4-5	6-6	8-3	10-0	11-10
12	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	7-0	11-0	14-6	18-0	20-11	7-0	11-0	13-11	17-0	19-8
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	6-8	9-9	12-4	15-1	17-6	6-3	9-2	11-8	14-2	16-6
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	6-8	9-9	12-4	15-1	17-6	6-3	9-2	11-8	14-2	16-6
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2	4-9	6-11	8-9	10-9	12-5
16	Douglas fir-larch	SS	6-10	10-9	14-0	17-1	19-10	6-10	10-5	13-2	16-1	18-8
16	Douglas fir-larch	#1	6-2	9-0	11-5	13-11	16-2	5-10	8-6	10-9	13-2	15-3
16	Douglas fir-larch	#2	5-10	8-7	10-10	13-3	15-4	5-6	8-1	10-3	12-6	14-6
16	Douglas fir-larch	#3	4-6	6-6	8-3	10-1	11-9	4-3	6-2	7-10	9-6	11-1
16	Hem-fir	SS	6-6	10-2	13-5	16-6	19-2	6-6	10-1	12-9	15-7	18-0
16	Hem-fir	#1	6-1	8-11	11-3	13-9	16-0	5-9	8-5	10-8	13-0	15-1
16	Hem-fir	#2	5-8	8-4	10-6	12-10	14-11	5-4	7-10	9-11	12-1	14-1
16	Hem-fir	#3	4-4	6-4	8-1	9-10	11-5	4-1	6-0	7-7	9-4	10-9
16	Southern pine	SS	6-9	10-7	14-0	17-4	20-5	6-9	10-7	13-9	16-4	19-3
16	Southern pine	#1	6-2	9-2	11-8	13-8	16-2	5-10	8-8	11-0	12-10	15-3
16	Southern pine	#2	5-3	7-11	10-0	11-11	14-0	5-0	7-5	9-5	11-3	13-2
16	Southern pine	#3	4-1	6-0	7-7	9-2	10-10	3-10	5-8	7-1	8-8	10-3
16	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	6-4	10-0	12-9	15-7	18-1	6-4	9-6	12-0	14-8	17-1
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	5-9	8-5	10-8	13-1	15-2	5-5	7-11	10-1	12-4	14-3
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	5-9	8-5	10-8	13-1	15-2	5-5	7-11	10-1	12-4	14-3
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	4-4	6-4	8-1	9-10	11-5	4-1	6-0	7-7	9-4	10-9

8-16 2025 CALIFORNIA RESIDENTIAL CODE

on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

TABLE R802.4.1(7)—RAFTER SPANS FOR COMMON LUMBER SPECIES
(Ground snow load = 70 psf, ceiling not attached to rafters, L/Δ = 180)—continued

RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	SS	6-6	10-1	12-9	15-7	18-1	6-6	9-6	12-0	14-8	17-1
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#1	5-7	8-3	10-5	12-9	14-9	5-4	7-9	9-10	12-0	13-11
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#2	5-4	7-10	9-11	12-1	14-0	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#3	4-1	6-0	7-7	9-3	10-8	3-10	5-7	7-1	8-8	10-1
19.2	Hem-fir	SS	6-1	9-7	12-4	15-1	17-4	6-1	9-2	11-8	14-2	15-5
19.2	Hem-fir	#1	5-7	8-2	10-3	12-7	14-7	5-3	7-8	9-8	11-10	13-9
19.2	Hem-fir	#2	5-2	7-7	9-7	11-9	13-7	4-11	7-2	9-1	11-1	12-10
19.2	Hem-fir	#3	4-0	5-10	7-4	9-0	10-5	3-9	5-6	6-11	8-6	9-10
19.2	Southern pine	SS	6-4	10-0	13-2	15-10	18-8	6-4	9-10	12-6	14-11	17-7
19.2	Southern pine	#1	5-8	8-5	10-8	12-5	14-9	5-4	7-11	10-0	11-9	13-11
19.2	Southern pine	#2	4-10	7-3	9-2	10-10	12-9	4-6	6-10	8-8	10-3	12-1
19.2	Southern pine	#3	3-8	5-6	6-11	8-4	9-11	3-6	5-2	6-6	7-11	9-4
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	6-0	9-2	11-8	14-3	16-6	5-11	8-8	11-0	13-5	15-7
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	5-3	7-8	9-9	11-11	13-10	5-0	7-3	9-2	11-3	13-0
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	5-3	7-8	9-9	11-11	13-10	5-0	7-3	9-2	11-3	13-0
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	4-0	5-10	7-4	9-0	10-5	3-9	5-6	6-11	8-6	9-10
24	Douglas fir-larch	SS	6-0	9-0	11-5	13-11	16-2	5-10	8-6	10-9	13-2	15-3
24	Douglas fir-larch	#1	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2	4-9	6-11	8-9	10-9	12-5
24	Douglas fir-larch	#2	4-9	7-0	8-10	10-10	12-6	4-6	6-7	8-4	10-2	11-10
24	Douglas fir-larch	#3	3-8	5-4	6-9	8-3	9-7	3-5	5-0	6-4	7-9	9-10
24	Hem-fir	SS	5-8	8-8	11-0	13-6	13-11	5-7	8-3	10-5	12-4	12-4
24	Hem-fir	#1	5-0	7-3	9-2	11-3	13-0	4-8	6-10	8-8	10-7	12-4
24	Hem-fir	#2	4-8	6-9	8-7	10-6	12-2	4-4	6-5	8-1	9-11	11-6
24	Hem-fir	#3	3-7	5-2	6-7	8-1	9-4	3-4	4-11	6-3	7-7	8-10
24	Southern pine	SS	5-11	9-3	11-11	14-2	16-8	5-11	8-10	11-2	13-4	15-9
24	Southern pine	#1	5-0	7-6	9-6	11-1	13-2	4-9	7-1	9-0	10-6	12-5
24	Southern pine	#2	4-4	6-5	8-2	9-9	11-5	4-1	6-1	7-9	9-2	10-9
24	Southern pine	#3	3-4	4-11	6-2	7-6	8-10	3-1	4-7	5-10	7-1	8-4
24	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	5-6	8-3	10-5	12-9	14-9	5-4	7-9	9-10	12-0	12-11
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-8	12-4	4-5	6-6	8-3	10-0	11-8
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-8	12-4	4-5	6-6	8-3	10-0	11-8
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	3-7	5-2	6-7	8-1	9-4	3-4	4-11	6-3	7-7	8-10

on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

TABLE R802.4.1(8)—RAFTER SPANS FOR COMMON LUMBER SPECIES
(Ground snow load = 70 psf, ceiling attached to rafters, L/Δ = 240)

RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)
12	Douglas fir-larch	SS	6-10	10-9	14-3	18-2	22-1	6-10	10-9	14-3	18-2	21-7
12	Douglas fir-larch	#1	6-7	10-5	13-2	16-1	18-8	6-7	9-10	12-5	15-2	17-7
12	Douglas fir-larch	#2	6-6	9-10	12-6	15-3	17-9	6-4	9-4	11-9	14-5	16-8
12	Douglas fir-larch	#3	5-2	7-7	9-7	11-8	13-6	4-10	7-1	9-0	11-0	12-9
12	Hem-fir	SS	6-6	10-2	13-5	17-2	20-10	6-6	10-2	13-5	17-2	20-10
12	Hem-fir	#1	6-4	10-0	13-0	15-11	18-5	6-4	9-8	12-3	15-0	17-5
12	Hem-fir	#2	6-1	9-6	12-2	14-10	17-3	6-1	9-1	11-5	14-0	16-3
12	Hem-fir	#3	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2	4-9	6-11	8-9	10-9	12-5
12	Southern pine	SS	6-9	10-7	14-0	17-10	21-8	6-9	10-7	14-0	17-10	21-8
12	Southern pine	#1	6-6	10-2	13-5	15-9	18-8	6-6	10-0	12-8	14-10	17-7
12	Southern pine	#2	6-1	9-2	11-7	13-9	16-2	5-9	8-7	10-11	12-11	15-3
12	Southern pine	#3	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-7	12-6	4-5	6-6	8-3	10-0	11-10
12	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	6-4	10-0	13-2	16-9	20-5	6-4	10-0	13-2	16-9	19-8
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	6-2	9-9	12-4	15-1	17-6	6-2	9-2	11-8	14-2	16-6
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	6-2	9-9	12-4	15-1	17-6	6-2	9-2	11-8	14-2	16-6
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2	4-9	6-11	8-9	10-9	12-5
16	Douglas fir-larch	SS	6-3	9-10	12-11	16-6	19-10	6-3	9-10	12-11	16-1	18-8
16	Douglas fir-larch	#1	6-0	9-0	11-5	13-11	16-2	5-10	8-6	10-9	13-2	15-3
16	Douglas fir-larch	#2	5-10	8-7	10-10	13-3	15-4	5-6	8-1	10-3	12-6	14-6
16	Douglas fir-larch	#3	4-6	6-6	8-3	10-1	11-9	4-3	6-2	7-10	9-6	11-1
16	Hem-fir	SS	5-11	9-3	12-2	15-7	18-11	5-11	9-3	12-2	15-7	18-0
16	Hem-fir	#1	5-9	8-11	11-3	13-9	16-0	5-9	8-5	10-8	13-0	15-1
16	Hem-fir	#2	5-6	8-4	10-6	12-10	14-11	5-4	7-10	9-11	12-1	14-1
16	Hem-fir	#3	4-4	6-4	8-1	9-10	11-5	4-1	6-0	7-7	9-4	10-9
16	Southern pine	SS	6-1	9-7	12-8	16-2	19-8	6-1	9-7	12-8	16-2	19-3
16	Southern pine	#1	5-11	9-2	11-8	13-8	16-2	5-10	8-8	11-0	12-10	15-3
16	Southern pine	#2	5-3	7-11	10-0	11-11	14-0	5-0	7-5	9-5	11-3	13-2
16	Southern pine	#3	4-1	6-0	7-7	9-2	10-10	3-10	5-8	7-1	8-8	10-3
16	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	5-9	9-1	11-11	15-3	18-1	5-9	9-1	11-11	14-8	17-1
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	5-8	8-5	10-8	13-1	15-2	5-5	7-11	10-1	12-4	14-3
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	5-8	8-5	10-8	13-1	15-2	5-5	7-11	10-1	12-4	14-3
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	4-4	6-4	8-1	9-10	11-5	4-1	6-0	7-7	9-4	10-9

8-18 2025 CALIFORNIA RESIDENTIAL CODE

on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

TABLE R802.4.1(8)—RAFTER SPANS FOR COMMON LUMBER SPECIES
(Ground snow load = 70 psf, ceiling attached to rafters, L/Δ = 240)—continued

RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf	DEAD LOAD = 20 psf
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10	2 × 12
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa	Maximum rafter spansa
RAFTER SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)	(feet- inches)
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	SS	5-10	9-3	12-2	15-6	18-1	5-10	9-3	12-0	14-8	17-1
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#1	5-7	8-3	10-5	12-9	14-9	5-4	7-9	9-10	12-0	13-11
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#2	5-4	7-10	9-11	12-1	14-0	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#3	4-1	6-0	7-7	9-3	10-8	3-10	5-7	7-1	8-8	10-1
19.2	Hem-fir	SS	5-6	8-8	11-6	14-8	17-4	5-6	8-8	11-6	14-2	15-5
19.2	Hem-fir	#1	5-5	8-2	10-3	12-7	14-7	5-3	7-8	9-8	11-10	13-9
19.2	Hem-fir	#2	5-2	7-7	9-7	11-9	13-7	4-11	7-2	9-1	11-1	12-10
19.2	Hem-fir	#3	4-0	5-10	7-4	9-0	10-5	3-9	5-6	6-11	8-6	9-10
19.2	Southern pine	SS	5-9	9-1	11-11	15-3	18-6	5-9	9-1	11-11	14-11	17-7
19.2	Southern pine	#1	5-6	8-5	10-8	12-5	14-9	5-4	7-11	10-0	11-9	13-11
19.2	Southern pine	#2	4-10	7-3	9-2	10-10	12-9	4-6	6-10	8-8	10-3	12-1
19.2	Southern pine	#3	3-8	5-6	6-11	8-4	9-11	3-6	5-2	6-6	7-11	9-4
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	5-5	8-6	11-3	14-3	16-6	5-5	8-6	11-0	13-5	15-7
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	5-3	7-8	9-9	11-11	13-10	5-0	7-3	9-2	11-3	13-0
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	5-3	7-8	9-9	11-11	13-10	5-0	7-3	9-2	11-3	13-0
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	4-0	5-10	7-4	9-0	10-5	3-9	5-6	6-11	8-6	9-10
24	Douglas fir-larch	SS	5-5	8-7	11-3	13-11	16-2	5-5	8-6	10-9	13-2	15-3
24	Douglas fir-larch	#1	5-0	7-4	9-4	11-5	13-2	4-9	6-11	8-9	10-9	12-5
24	Douglas fir-larch	#2	4-9	7-0	8-10	10-10	12-6	4-6	6-7	8-4	10-2	11-10
24	Douglas fir-larch	#3	3-8	5-4	6-9	8-3	9-7	3-5	5-0	6-4	7-9	9-0
24	Hem-fir	SS	5-2	8-1	10-8	13-6	13-11	5-2	8-1	10-5	12-4	12-4
24	Hem-fir	#1	5-0	7-3	9-2	11-3	13-0	4-8	6-10	8-8	10-7	12-4
24	Hem-fir	#2	4-8	6-9	8-7	10-6	12-2	4-4	6-5	8-1	9-11	11-6
24	Hem-fir	#3	3-7	5-2	6-7	8-1	9-4	3-4	4-11	6-3	7-7	8-10
24	Southern pine	SS	5-4	8-5	11-1	14-2	16-8	5-4	8-5	11-1	13-4	15-9
24	Southern pine	#1	5-0	7-6	9-6	11-1	13-2	4-9	7-1	9-0	10-6	12-5
24	Southern pine	#2	4-4	6-5	8-2	9-9	11-5	4-1	6-1	7-9	9-2	10-9
24	Southern pine	#3	3-4	4-11	6-2	7-6	8-10	3-1	4-7	5-10	7-1	8-4
24	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	5-0	7-11	10-5	12-9	14-9	5-0	7-9	9-10	12-0	12-11
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-8	12-4	4-5	6-6	8-3	10-0	11-8
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	4-8	6-11	8-9	10-8	12-4	4-5	6-6	8-3	10-0	11-8
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	3-7	5-2	6-7	8-1	9-4	3-4	4-11	6-3	7-7	8-10

on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

TABLE R802.4.1(9)—RAFTER SPAN ADJUSTMENT FACTOR

**HC/HR **a	RAFTER SPAN ADJUSTMENT FACTOR
1/3	0.67
1/4	0.76
1/5	0.83
1/6	0.90
1/7.5 or less	1.00
a.HC = Height of ceiling joists or rafter ties measured vertically above the top of the rafter support walls;HR = Height of roof ridge measured vertically above the top of the rafter support walls.

R802.4.2 Framing details. Rafters shall be framed opposite from each other to a ridge board, shall not be offset more than 1 [1] / 2 inches (38 mm) from each other and shall be connected with a collar tie or ridge strap in accordance with Section R802.4.6 or directly opposite from each other to a gusset plate in accordance with Table R602.3(1). Rafters shall be nailed to the top wall plates in accordance with Table R602.3(1) unless the roof assembly is required to comply with the uplift requirements of Section R802.11.

R802.4.3 Hips and valleys. Hip and valley rafters shall be not less than 2 inches (51 mm) nominal in thickness and not less in depth than the cut end of the rafter. Hip and valley rafters shall be supported at the ridge by a brace to a bearing partition or be designed to carry and distribute the specific load at that point.

R802.4.4 Rafter supports. Where the roof pitch is less than 3:12 (25-percent slope), structural members that support rafters, such as ridges, hips and valleys, shall be designed as beams, and bearing shall be provided for rafters in accordance with Section R802.6.

R802.4.5 Purlins. Installation of purlins to reduce the span of rafters is permitted as shown in Figure R802.4.5. Purlins shall be sized not less than the required size of the rafters that they support. Purlins shall be continuous and shall be supported by 2-inch by 4-inch (51 mm by 102 mm) braces installed to bearing walls at a slope not less than 45 degrees (0.79 rad) from the horizontal. The braces shall be spaced not more than 4 feet (1219 mm) on center and the unbraced length of braces shall not exceed 8 feet (2438 mm).

FIGURE R802.4.5—BRACED RAFTER CONSTRUCTION

For SI: 1 degree = 0.018 rad. H C = Height of ceiling joists or rafter ties measured vertically above the top of rafter support walls. H R = Height of roof ridge measured vertically above the top of the rafter support walls.

8-20 2025 CALIFORNIA RESIDENTIAL CODE

on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

R802.4.6 Collar ties. Where collar ties are used to connect opposing rafters, they shall be located in the upper third of the attic space and fastened in accordance with Table R602.3(1). Collar ties shall be not less than 1 inch by 4 inches (25 mm × 102 mm) nominal, spaced not more than 4 feet (1219 mm) on center. Ridge straps shall be permitted to replace collar ties. Ridge straps shall be not less than 1 [1] / 4 -inch (32 mm) × 20 gage and shall be nailed to the top edge of each rafter with not fewer than three 10d common (3″ × 0.148″) nails with the closest nail not closer than 2 [3] / 8 inches (60.3 mm) from the end of the rafter.

R802.5 Ceiling joists. ¶

Ceiling joists shall be continuous across the structure or securely joined where they meet over interior partitions in accordance with Section R802.5.2.1. Ceiling joists shall be fastened to the top plate in accordance with Table R602.3(1).

R802.5.1 Ceiling joist size. Ceiling joists shall be sized based on the joist spans in Tables R802.5.1(1) and R802.5.1(2). For other grades and species and for other loading conditions, refer to the AWC STJR.

TABLE R802.5.1(1)—CEILING JOIST SPANS FOR COMMON LUMBER SPECIES
(Uninhabitable attics without storage, live load = 10 psf, L/Δ = 240)

CEILING JOIST SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	DEAD LOAD = 5 psf	DEAD LOAD = 5 psf	DEAD LOAD = 5 psf	DEAD LOAD = 5 psf
CEILING JOIST SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10
CEILING JOIST SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	Maximum ceiling joist spans	Maximum ceiling joist spans	Maximum ceiling joist spans	Maximum ceiling joist spans
CEILING JOIST SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)
12	Douglas fir-larch	SS	13-2	20-8	Note a	Note a
12	Douglas fir-larch	#1	12-8	19-11	Note a	Note a
12	Douglas fir-larch	#2	12-5	19-6	25-8	Note a
12	Douglas fir-larch	#3	11-1	16-3	20-7	25-2
12	Hem-fir	SS	12-5	19-6	25-8	Note a
12	Hem-fir	#1	12-2	19-1	25-2	Note a
12	Hem-fir	#2	11-7	18-2	24-0	Note a
12	Hem-fir	#3	10-10	15-10	20-1	24-6
12	Southern pine	SS	12-11	20-3	Note a	Note a
12	Southern pine	#1	12-5	19-6	25-8	Note a
12	Southern pine	#2	11-10	18-8	24-7	Note a
12	Southern pine	#3	10-1	14-11	18-9	22-9
12	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	12-2	19-1	25-2	Note a
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	11-10	18-8	24-7	Note a
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	11-10	18-8	24-7	Note a
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	10-10	15-10	20-1	24-6
16	Douglas fir-larch	SS	11-11	18-9	24-8	Note a
16	Douglas fir-larch	#1	11-6	18-1	23-10	Note a
16	Douglas fir-larch	#2	11-3	17-8	23-4	Note a
16	Douglas fir-larch	#3	9-7	14-1	17-10	21-9
16	Hem-fir	SS	11-3	17-8	23-4	Note a
16	Hem-fir	#1	11-0	17-4	22-10	Note a
16	Hem-fir	#2	10-6	16-6	21-9	Note a
16	Hem-fir	#3	9-5	13-9	17-5	21-3
16	Southern pine	SS	11-9	18-5	24-3	Note a
16	Southern pine	#1	11-3	17-8	23-10	Note a
16	Southern pine	#2	10-9	16-11	21-7	25-7
16	Southern pine	#3	8-9	12-11	16-3	19-9
16	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	11-0	17-4	22-10	Note a
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	10-9	16-11	22-4	Note a
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	10-9	16-11	22-4	Note a
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	9-5	13-9	17-5	21-3

on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

TABLE R802.5.1(1)—CEILING JOIST SPANS FOR COMMON LUMBER SPECIES
(Uninhabitable attics without storage, live load = 10 psf, L/Δ = 240)—continued

CEILING JOIST SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	DEAD LOAD = 5 psf	DEAD LOAD = 5 psf	DEAD LOAD = 5 psf	DEAD LOAD = 5 psf
CEILING JOIST SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10
CEILING JOIST SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	Maximum ceiling joist spans	Maximum ceiling joist spans	Maximum ceiling joist spans	Maximum ceiling joist spans
CEILING JOIST SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	SS	11-3	17-8	23-3	Note a
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#1	10-10	17-0	22-5	Note a
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#2	10-7	16-8	21-4	26-0
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#3	8-9	12-10	16-3	19-10
19.2	Hem-fir	SS	10-7	16-8	21-11	Note a
19.2	Hem-fir	#1	10-4	16-4	21-6	Note a
19.2	Hem-fir	#2	9-11	15-7	20-6	25-3
19.2	Hem-fir	#3	8-7	12-6	15-10	19-5
19.2	Southern -pine	SS	11-0	17-4	22-10	Note a
19.2	Southern pine	#1	10-7	16-8	22-0	Note a
19.2	Southern pine	#2	10-2	15-7	19-8	23-5
19.2	Southern pine	#3	8-0	11-9	14-10	18-0
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	10-4	16-4	21-6	Note a
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	10-2	15-11	21-0	25-8
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	10-2	15-11	21-0	25-8
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	8-7	12-6	15-10	19-5
24	Douglas fir-larch	SS	10-5	16-4	21-7	Note a
24	Douglas fir-larch	#1	10-0	15-9	20-1	24-6
24	Douglas fir-larch	#2	9-10	15-0	19-1	23-3
24	Douglas fir-larch	#3	7-10	11-6	14-7	17-9
24	Hem-fir	SS	9-10	15-6	20-5	Note a
24	Hem-fir	#1	9-8	15-2	19-10	24-3
24	Hem-fir	#2	9-2	14-5	18-6	22-7
24	Hem-fir	#3	7-8	11-2	14-2	17-4
24	Southern pine	SS	10-3	16-1	21-2	Note a
24	Southern pine	#1	9-10	15-6	20-5	24-0
24	Southern pine	#2	9-3	13-11	17-7	20-11
24	Southern pine	#3	7-2	10-6	13-3	16-1
24	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	9-8	15-2	19-11	25-5
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	9-5	14-9	18-9	22-11
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	9-5	14-9	18-9	22-11
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	7-8	11-2	14-2	17-4
Check sources for availability of lumber in lengths greater than 20 feet. For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound per square foot = 0.0479 kPa. a. Span exceeds 26 feet in length.

8-22 2025 CALIFORNIA RESIDENTIAL CODE

on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

TABLE R802.5.1(2)—CEILING JOIST SPANS FOR COMMON LUMBER SPECIES
(Uninhabitable attics with limited storage, live load = 20 psf, L/Δ = 240)

CEILING JOIST SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf
CEILING JOIST SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10
CEILING JOIST SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	Maximum ceiling joist spans	Maximum ceiling joist spans	Maximum ceiling joist spans	Maximum ceiling joist spans
CEILING JOIST SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)
12	Douglas fir-larch	SS	10-5	16-4	21-7	Note a
12	Douglas fir-larch	#1	10-0	15-9	20-1	24-6
12	Douglas fir-larch	#2	9-10	15-0	19-1	23-3
12	Douglas fir-larch	#3	7-10	11-6	14-7	17-9
12	Hem-fir	SS	9-10	15-6	20-5	Note a
12	Hem-fir	#1	9-8	15-2	19-10	24-3
12	Hem-fir	#2	9-2	14-5	18-6	22-7
12	Hem-fir	#3	7-8	11-2	14-2	17-4
12	Southern pine	SS	10-3	16-1	21-2	Note a
12	Southern pine	#1	9-10	15-6	20-5	24-0
12	Southern pine	#2	9-3	13-11	17-7	20-11
12	Southern pine	#3	7-2	10-6	13-3	16-1
12	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	9-8	15-2	19-11	25-5
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	9-5	14-9	18-9	22-11
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	9-5	14-9	18-9	22-11
12	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	7-8	11-2	14-2	17-4
16	Douglas fir-larch	SS	9-6	14-11	19-7	25-0
16	Douglas fir-larch	#1	9-1	13-9	17-5	21-3
16	Douglas fir-larch	#2	8-11	13-0	16-6	20-2
16	Douglas fir-larch	#3	6-10	9-11	12-7	15-5
16	Hem-fir	SS	8-11	14-1	18-6	23-8
16	Hem-fir	#1	8-9	13-7	17-2	21-0
16	Hem-fir	#2	8-4	12-8	16-0	19-7
16	Hem-fir	#3	6-8	9-8	12-4	15-0
16	Southern pine	SS	9-4	14-7	19-3	24-7
16	Southern pine	#1	8-11	14-0	17-9	20-9
16	Southern pine	#2	8-0	12-0	15-3	18-1
16	Southern pine	#3	6-2	9-2	11-6	14-0
16	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	8-9	13-9	18-1	23-1
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	8-7	12-10	16-3	19-10
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	8-7	12-10	16-3	19-10
16	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	6-8	9-8	12-4	15-0

on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION

TABLE R802.5.1(2)—CEILING JOIST SPANS FOR COMMON LUMBER SPECIES
(Uninhabitable attics with limited storage, live load = 20 psf, L/Δ = 240)—continued

CEILING JOIST SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf	DEAD LOAD = 10 psf
CEILING JOIST SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	2 × 4	2 × 6	2 × 8	2 × 10
CEILING JOIST SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	Maximum ceiling joist spans	Maximum ceiling joist spans	Maximum ceiling joist spans	Maximum ceiling joist spans
CEILING JOIST SPACING (inches)	SPECIES AND GRADE	SPECIES AND GRADE	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)	(feet-inches)
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	SS	8-11	14-0	18-5	23-7
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#1	8-7	12-6	15-10	19-5
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#2	8-2	11-11	15-1	18-5
19.2	Douglas fir-larch	#3	6-2	9-1	11-6	14-1
19.2	Hem-fir	SS	8-5	13-3	17-5	22-3
19.2	Hem-fir	#1	8-3	12-4	15-8	19-2
19.2	Hem-fir	#2	7-10	11-7	14-8	17-10
19.2	Hem-fir	#3	6-1	8-10	11-3	13-8
19.2	Southern pine	SS	8-9	13-9	18-2	23-1
19.2	Southern pine	#1	8-5	12-9	16-2	18-11
19.2	Southern pine	#2	7-4	11-0	13-11	16-6
19.2	Southern pine	#3	5-8	8-4	10-6	12-9
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	8-3	12-11	17-1	21-8
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	8-0	11-9	14-10	18-2
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	8-0	11-9	14-10	18-2
19.2	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	6-1	8-10	11-3	13-8
24	Douglas fir-larch	SS	8-3	13-0	17-2	21-3
24	Douglas fir-larch	#1	7-8	11-2	14-2	17-4
24	Douglas fir-larch	#2	7-3	10-8	13-6	16-5
24	Douglas fir-larch	#3	5-7	8-1	10-3	12-7
24	Hem-fir	SS	7-10	12-3	16-2	20-6
24	Hem-fir	#1	7-7	11-1	14-0	17-1
24	Hem-fir	#2	7-1	10-4	13-1	16-0
24	Hem-fir	#3	5-5	7-11	10-0	12-3
24	Southern pine	SS	8-1	12-9	16-10	21-6
24	Southern pine	#1	7-8	11-5	14-6	16-11
24	Southern pine	#2	6-7	9-10	12-6	14-9
24	Southern pine	#3	5-1	7-5	9-5	11-5
24	Spruce-pine-fir	SS	7-8	12-0	15-10	19-5
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#1	7-2	10-6	13-3	16-3
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#2	7-2	10-6	13-3	16-3
24	Spruce-pine-fir	#3	5-5	7-11	10-0	12-3
Check sources for availability of lumber in lengths greater than 20 feet. For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound per square foot = 0.0479 kPa. a. Span exceeds 26 feet in length.

R802.5.2 Ceiling joist and rafter connections. Where ceiling joists run parallel to rafters and are located in the bottom third of the rafter height, they shall be installed in accordance with Figure R802.4.5 and fastened to rafters in accordance with Table R802.5.2(1). Where the ceiling joists are installed above the bottom third of the rafter height, the ridge shall be designed as a beam in accordance with Section R802.3. Where ceiling joists do not run parallel to rafters, rafters shall be tied across the structure with a rafter tie in accordance with Section R802.5.2.2, or the ridge shall be designed as a beam in accordance with Section R802.3.

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TABLE R802.5.2(1)—RAFTER/CEILING JOIST HEEL JOINT CONNECTIONSg

RAFTER SLOPE	RAFTER SPACING (inches)	GROUND SNOW LOAD (psf)	GROUND SNOW LOAD (psf)	GROUND SNOW LOAD (psf)	GROUND SNOW LOAD (psf)	GROUND SNOW LOAD (psf)	GROUND SNOW LOAD (psf)	GROUND SNOW LOAD (psf)	GROUND SNOW LOAD (psf)	GROUND SNOW LOAD (psf)	GROUND SNOW LOAD (psf)	GROUND SNOW LOAD (psf)	GROUND SNOW LOAD (psf)
RAFTER SLOPE	RAFTER SPACING (inches)	20e	20e	20e	30	30	30	50	50	50	70	70	70
RAFTER SLOPE	RAFTER SPACING (inches)	Roof span (feet)	Roof span (feet)	Roof span (feet)	Roof span (feet)	Roof span (feet)	Roof span (feet)	Roof span (feet)	Roof span (feet)	Roof span (feet)	Roof span (feet)	Roof span (feet)	Roof span (feet)
RAFTER SLOPE	RAFTER SPACING (inches)	12	24	36	12	24	36	12	24	36	12	24	36
RAFTER SLOPE	RAFTER SPACING (inches)	Required number of 16d common nails per heel joint connectiona, b, c, d, f	Required number of 16d common nails per heel joint connectiona, b, c, d, f	Required number of 16d common nails per heel joint connectiona, b, c, d, f	Required number of 16d common nails per heel joint connectiona, b, c, d, f	Required number of 16d common nails per heel joint connectiona, b, c, d, f	Required number of 16d common nails per heel joint connectiona, b, c, d, f	Required number of 16d common nails per heel joint connectiona, b, c, d, f	Required number of 16d common nails per heel joint connectiona, b, c, d, f	Required number of 16d common nails per heel joint connectiona, b, c, d, f	Required number of 16d common nails per heel joint connectiona, b, c, d, f	Required number of 16d common nails per heel joint connectiona, b, c, d, f	Required number of 16d common nails per heel joint connectiona, b, c, d, f
3:12	12	3	5	8	3	6	9	5	9	13	6	12	17
3:12	16	4	7	10	4	8	12	6	12	17	8	15	23
3:12	19.2	4	8	12	5	10	14	7	14	21	9	18	27
3:12	24	5	10	15	6	12	18	9	17	26	12	23	34
4:12	12	3	4	6	3	5	7	4	7	10	5	9	13
4:12	16	3	5	8	3	6	9	5	9	13	6	12	17
4:12	19.2	3	6	9	4	7	11	6	11	16	7	14	21
4:12	24	4	8	11	5	9	13	7	13	19	9	17	26
5:12	12	3	3	5	3	4	6	3	6	8	4	7	11
5:12	16	3	4	6	3	5	7	4	7	11	5	9	14
5:12	19.2	3	5	7	3	6	9	5	9	13	6	11	17
5:12	24	3	6	9	4	7	11	6	11	16	7	14	21
7:12	12	3	3	4	3	3	4	3	4	6	3	5	8
7:12	16	3	3	5	3	4	5	3	5	8	4	7	10
7:12	19.2	3	4	5	3	4	6	3	6	9	4	8	12
7:12	24	3	5	7	3	5	8	4	8	11	5	10	15
9:12	12	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	5	3	4	6
9:12	16	3	3	4	3	3	4	3	4	6	3	5	8
9:12	19.2	3	3	4	3	4	5	3	5	7	3	6	9
9:12	24	3	4	5	3	4	6	3	6	9	4	8	12
12:12	12	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	4	3	3	5
12:12	16	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	5	3	4	6
12:12	19.2	3	3	3	3	3	4	3	4	6	3	5	7
12:12	24	3	3	4	3	3	5	3	5	7	3	6	9

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound per square foot = 0.0479 kPa.
a. 10d common (3″ × 0.148″) nails shall be permitted to be substituted for 16d common (31/2″ × 0.162″) nails where the required number of nails is taken as 1.2 times the required
number of 16d common nails, rounded up to the next full nail.
b. Heel joint connections are not required where the ridge is supported by a load-bearing wall, header or ridge beam.
c. Where intermediate support of the rafter is provided by vertical struts or purlins to a load-bearing wall, the tabulated heel joint connection requirements shall be permitted to
be reduced proportionally to the reduction in span.
d. Equivalent nailing patterns are required for ceiling joist to ceiling joist lap splices.
e. Applies to roof live load of 20 psf or less.
f. Tabulated heel joint connection requirements assume that ceiling joists or rafter ties are located at the bottom of the attic space. Where ceiling joists or rafter ties are located
higher in the attic, heel joint connection requirements shall be increased by the adjustment factors in Table 802.5.2(2).
g. Tabulated requirements are based on 10 psf roof dead load in combination with the specified roof snow load and roof live load.

TABLE R802.5.2(2)—HEEL JOINT CONNECTION ADJUSTMENT FACTORS

HC/HR a, b	HEEL JOINT CONNECTION ADJUSTMENT FACTOR
1/3	1.5
1/4	1.33
1/5	1.25
1/6	1.2
1/10 or less	1.11
a.HC = Height of ceiling joists or rafter ties measured vertically from the top of the rafter support walls to the bottom of the ceiling joists or rafter ties;HR = Height of roof ridge measured vertically from the top of the rafter support walls to the bottom of the roof ridge. b. Where_HC/HR_ exceeds 1/3, connections shall be designed in accordance with accepted engineering practice.

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R802.5.2.1 Ceiling joists lapped. Ends of ceiling joists shall be lapped not less than 3 inches (76 mm) or butted over bearing partitions or beams and toenailed to the bearing member. Where ceiling joists are used to provide the continuous tie across the building, lapped joists shall be nailed together in accordance with Table R802.5.2(1) and butted joists shall be tied together with a connection of equivalent capacity. Laps in joists that do not provide the continuous tie across the building shall be permitted to be nailed in accordance with Table R602.3(1).

R802.5.2.2 Rafter ties. Wood rafter ties shall be not less than 2 inches by 4 inches (51 mm × 102 mm) installed in accordance with Table R802.5.2(1) at a maximum of 24 inches (610 mm) on center. Other approved rafter tie methods shall be permitted.

R802.5.2.3 Blocking. Blocking shall be not less than utility grade lumber.

R802.6 Bearing. ¶

The ends of each rafter or ceiling joist shall have not less than 1 [1] / 2 inches (38 mm) of bearing on wood or metal and not less than 3 inches (76 mm) on masonry or concrete. The bearing on masonry or concrete shall be direct, or a sill plate of 2-inch (51 mm) minimum nominal thickness shall be provided under the rafter or ceiling joist. The sill plate shall provide a minimum nominal bearing area of 48 square inches (30 968 mm [2] ). Where the roof pitch is greater than or equal to 3 units vertical in 12 units horizontal (25-percent slope), and ceiling joists or rafter ties are connected to rafters to provide a continuous tension tie in accordance with Section R802.5.2, vertical bearing of the top of the rafter against the ridge board shall satisfy this bearing requirement.

R802.6.1 Finished ceiling material. If the finished ceiling material is installed on the ceiling prior to the attachment of the ceiling to the walls, such as in construction at a factory, a compression strip of the same thickness as the finished ceiling material shall be installed directly above the top plate of bearing walls if the compressive strength of the finished ceiling material is less than the loads it will be required to withstand. The compression strip shall cover the entire length of such top plate and shall be not less than one-half the width of the top plate. It shall be of material capable of transmitting the loads transferred through it.

R802.7 Cutting, drilling and notching. ¶

Structural roof members shall not be cut, bored or notched in excess of the limitations specified in this section.

R802.7.1 Sawn lumber. Cuts, notches and holes in solid lumber joists, rafters, blocking and beams shall comply with the provisions of Section R502.8.1 except that cantilevered portions of rafters shall be permitted in accordance with Section R802.7.1.1.

R802.7.1.1 Cantilevered portions of rafters. Notches on cantilevered portions of rafters are permitted provided the dimension of the remaining portion of the rafter is not less than 3 [1] / 2 inches (89 mm) and the length of the cantilever does not exceed 24 inches (610 mm) in accordance with Figure R802.7.1.1.

FIGURE R802.7.1.1—RAFTER NOTCH

DEPTH, D

NOT LESS THAN 3-1/2 INCHES (IRC 802.7.1.1)

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm.

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R802.7.1.2 Ceiling joist taper cut. Taper cuts at the ends of the ceiling joist shall not exceed one-fourth the depth of the member in accordance with Figure R802.7.1.2.

FIGURE R802.7.1.2—CEILING JOIST TAPER CUT

DEPTH OF TAPER CUT, D/4 MAX. MEASURED AT

INSIDE FACE

OF SUPPORT

R802.7.2 Engineered wood products. Cuts, notches and holes bored in trusses, structural composite lumber, structural gluedlaminated members, cross-laminated timber members or I-joists are prohibited except where permitted by the manufacturer’s recommendations or where the effects of such alterations are specifically considered in the design of the member by a registered design professional.

R802.8 Lateral support. ¶

Roof framing members and ceiling joists having a depth-to-thickness ratio exceeding 5 to 1 based on nominal dimensions shall be provided with lateral support at points of bearing to prevent rotation. For roof rafters with ceiling joists attached in accordance with Table R602.3(1), the depth-to-thickness ratio for the total assembly shall be determined using the combined thickness of the rafter plus the attached ceiling joist.

Exception: Roof trusses shall be braced in accordance with Section R802.10.3.

R802.8.1 Bridging. Rafters and ceiling joists having a depth-to-thickness ratio exceeding 6 to 1 based on nominal dimensions shall be supported laterally by solid blocking, diagonal bridging (wood or metal) or a continuous 1-inch by 3-inch (25 mm by 76 mm) wood strip nailed across the rafters or ceiling joists at intervals not exceeding 8 feet (2438 mm).

R802.9 Framing of openings. ¶

Openings in roof and ceiling framing shall be framed with header and trimmer joists. Where the header joist span does not exceed 4 feet (1219 mm), the header joist shall be permitted to be a single member the same size as the ceiling joist or rafter. Single trimmer joists shall be permitted to be used to carry a single header joist that is located within 3 feet (914 mm) of the trimmer joist bearing. Where the header joist span exceeds 4 feet (1219 mm), the trimmer joists and the header joist shall be doubled and of sufficient cross section to support the ceiling joists or rafter framing into the header. Approved hangers shall be used for the header joist to trimmer joist connections where the header joist span exceeds 6 feet (1829 mm). Tail joists over 12 feet (3658 mm) long shall be supported at the header by framing anchors or on ledger strips not less than 2 inches by 2 inches (51 mm by 51 mm).

R802.10 Wood trusses. ¶

R802.10.1 Truss design drawings. Truss design drawings, prepared in conformance to Section R802.10.1, shall be provided to the building official and approved prior to installation. Truss design drawings shall be provided with the shipment of trusses delivered to the job site. Truss design drawings shall include, at a minimum, the following information:

Slope or depth, span and spacing.
Location of all joints.
Required bearing widths.
Design loads as applicable.

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4.1. Top chord live load (as determined from Section R301.6). 4.2. Top chord dead load.

4.3. Bottom chord live load.

4.4. Bottom chord dead load.

4.5. Concentrated loads and their points of application. 4.6. Controlling wind and earthquake loads. 5. Adjustments to lumber and joint connector design values for conditions of use.

Each reaction force and direction.
Joint connector type and description such as size, thickness or gage and the dimensioned location of each joint connector except where symmetrically located relative to the joint interface.
Lumber size, species and grade for each member.
Connection requirements for: 9.1. Truss to girder-truss. 9.2. Truss ply to ply. 9.3. Field splices.
Calculated deflection ratio or maximum description for live and total load.
Maximum axial compression forces in the truss members to enable the building designer to design the size, connections and anchorage of the permanent continuous lateral bracing. Forces shall be shown on the truss design drawing or on supplemental documents.
Required permanent truss member bracing location.

R802.10.2 Design. Wood trusses shall be designed in accordance with accepted engineering practice. The design and manufacture of metal-plate-connected wood trusses shall comply with ANSI/TPI 1. The truss design drawings shall be prepared by a registered design professional.

R802.10.2.1 Applicability limits. The provisions of this section shall control the design of truss roof framing where snow controls for buildings that are not greater than 60 feet (18 288 mm) in length perpendicular to the joist, rafter or truss span, not greater than 36 feet (10 973 mm) in width parallel to the joist, rafter or truss span, not more than three stories above grade plane in height, and have roof slopes not smaller than 3:12 (25-percent slope) or greater than 12:12 (100-percent slope). Truss roof framing constructed in accordance with the provisions of this section shall be limited to sites subjected to a maximum design wind speed of 140 miles per hour (63 m/s), Exposure B or C, and a maximum ground snow load of 70 psf (3352 Pa). For consistent loading of all truss types, roof snow load is to be computed as: 0.7 p g . R802.10.3 Bracing. Trusses shall be braced to prevent rotation and provide lateral stability in accordance with the requirements specified in the construction documents for the building and on the individual truss design drawings. In the absence of specific bracing requirements, trusses shall be braced in accordance with accepted industry practice such as the SBCA Building Component Safety Information (BCSI) Guide to Good Practice for Handling, Installing & Bracing of Metal Plate Connected Wood Trusses.

R802.10.4 Alterations to trusses. Truss members shall not be cut, notched, drilled, spliced or otherwise altered in any way without the approval of a registered design professional. Alterations resulting in the addition of load such as HVAC equipment water heater that exceeds the design load for the truss shall not be permitted without verification that the truss is capable of supporting such additional loading.

R802.11 Roof tie uplift resistance. ¶

Roof assemblies shall have uplift resistance in accordance with Sections R802.11.1 and R802.11.2.

Exceptions: Rafters or trusses shall be permitted to be attached to their supporting wall assemblies in accordance with Table R602.3(1) where either of the following occur:

Where the specific gravity of the wood species used for wall framing is greater than or equal to 0.42 in accordance with AWC NDS and the uplift force per rafter or truss does not exceed 200 pounds (90.8 kg) as determined by Table R802.11.
Where the basic wind speed does not exceed 115 miles per hour (51.4 m/s), the wind exposure category is B, the roof pitch is 5 units vertical in 12 units horizontal (42-percent slope) or greater, the roof span is 32 feet (9754 mm) or less, and rafters and trusses are spaced not more than 24 inches (610 mm) on center.

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TABLE R802.11—RAFTER OR TRUSS UPLIFT CONNECTION FORCES FROM WIND (ASD)
(POUNDS PER CONNECTION)a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h

RAFTER OR TRUSS SPACING	ROOF SPAN (feet)	EXPOSURE B	EXPOSURE B	EXPOSURE B	EXPOSURE B	EXPOSURE B	EXPOSURE B	EXPOSURE B	EXPOSURE B	EXPOSURE B	EXPOSURE B
RAFTER OR TRUSS SPACING	ROOF SPAN (feet)	Ultimate design wind speedV **ULT (mph)**	Ultimate design wind speedV **ULT (mph)**	Ultimate design wind speedV **ULT (mph)**	Ultimate design wind speedV **ULT (mph)**	Ultimate design wind speedV **ULT (mph)**	Ultimate design wind speedV **ULT (mph)**	Ultimate design wind speedV **ULT (mph)**	Ultimate design wind speedV **ULT (mph)**	Ultimate design wind speedV **ULT (mph)**	Ultimate design wind speedV **ULT (mph)**
RAFTER OR TRUSS SPACING	ROOF SPAN (feet)	110	110	115	115	120	120	130	130	140	140
RAFTER OR TRUSS SPACING	ROOF SPAN (feet)	Roof pitch	Roof pitch	Roof pitch	Roof pitch	Roof pitch	Roof pitch	Roof pitch	Roof pitch	Roof pitch	Roof pitch
RAFTER OR TRUSS SPACING	ROOF SPAN (feet)	< 5:12	≥ 5:12	< 5:12	≥ 5:12	< 5:12	≥ 5:12	< 5:12	≥ 5:12	< 5:12	≥ 5:12
12″ o.c.	12	48	43	59	53	70	64	95	88	122	113
12″ o.c.	18	59	52	74	66	89	81	122	112	157	146
12″ o.c.	24	71	62	89	79	108	98	149	137	192	178
12″ o.c.	28	79	69	99	88	121	109	167	153	216	200
12″ o.c.	32	86	75	109	97	134	120	185	170	240	222
12″ o.c.	36	94	82	120	106	146	132	203	186	264	244
12″ o.c.	42	106	92	135	120	166	149	230	211	300	278
12″ o.c.	48	118	102	151	134	185	166	258	236	336	311
16″ o.c.	12	64	57	78	70	93	85	126	117	162	150
16″ o.c.	18	78	69	98	88	118	108	162	149	209	194
16″ o.c.	24	94	82	118	105	144	130	198	182	255	237
16″ o.c.	28	105	92	132	117	161	145	222	203	287	266
16″ o.c.	32	114	100	145	129	178	160	246	226	319	295
16″ o.c.	36	125	109	160	141	194	176	270	247	351	325
16″ o.c.	42	141	122	180	160	221	198	306	281	399	370
16″ o.c.	48	157	136	201	178	246	221	343	314	447	414
24″ o.c.	12	96	86	118	106	140	128	190	176	244	226
24″ o.c.	18	118	104	148	132	178	162	244	224	314	292
24″ o.c.	24	142	124	178	158	216	196	298	274	384	356
24″ o.c.	28	158	138	198	176	242	218	334	306	432	400
24″ o.c.	32	172	150	218	194	268	240	370	340	480	444
24″ o.c.	36	188	164	240	212	292	264	406	372	528	488
24″ o.c.	42	212	184	270	240	332	298	460	422	600	556
24″ o.c.	48	236	204	302	268	370	332	516	472	672	622
		EXPOSURE C	EXPOSURE C	EXPOSURE C	EXPOSURE C	EXPOSURE C	EXPOSURE C	EXPOSURE C	EXPOSURE C	EXPOSURE C	EXPOSURE C
12″ o.c.	12	95	88	110	102	126	118	161	151	198	186
12″ o.c.	18	121	111	141	131	163	151	208	195	257	242
12″ o.c.	24	148	136	173	160	200	185	256	239	317	298
12″ o.c.	28	166	152	195	179	225	208	289	269	358	335
12″ o.c.	32	184	168	216	199	249	231	321	299	398	373
12″ o.c.	36	202	185	237	219	274	254	353	329	438	411
12″ o.c.	42	229	210	269	248	312	289	402	375	499	468
12″ o.c.	48	256	234	302	278	349	323	450	420	560	524
16″ o.c.	12	126	117	146	136	168	157	214	201	263	247
16″ o.c.	18	161	148	188	174	217	201	277	259	342	322
16″ o.c.	24	197	181	230	213	266	246	340	318	422	396
16″ o.c.	28	221	202	259	238	299	277	384	358	476	446
16″ o.c.	32	245	223	287	265	331	307	427	398	529	496
16″ o.c.	36	269	246	315	291	364	338	469	438	583	547
16″ o.c.	42	305	279	358	330	415	384	535	499	664	622
16″ o.c.	48	340	311	402	370	464	430	599	559	745	697

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TABLE R802.11—RAFTER OR TRUSS UPLIFT CONNECTION FORCES FROM WIND (ASD)
(POUNDS PER CONNECTION)a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h—continued

RAFTER OR TRUSS SPACING	ROOF SPAN (feet)	EXPOSURE B	EXPOSURE B	EXPOSURE B	EXPOSURE B	EXPOSURE B	EXPOSURE B	EXPOSURE B	EXPOSURE B	EXPOSURE B	EXPOSURE B
RAFTER OR TRUSS SPACING	ROOF SPAN (feet)	Ultimate design wind speedV **ULT (mph)**	Ultimate design wind speedV **ULT (mph)**	Ultimate design wind speedV **ULT (mph)**	Ultimate design wind speedV **ULT (mph)**	Ultimate design wind speedV **ULT (mph)**	Ultimate design wind speedV **ULT (mph)**	Ultimate design wind speedV **ULT (mph)**	Ultimate design wind speedV **ULT (mph)**	Ultimate design wind speedV **ULT (mph)**	Ultimate design wind speedV **ULT (mph)**
RAFTER OR TRUSS SPACING	ROOF SPAN (feet)	110	110	115	115	120	120	130	130	140	140
RAFTER OR TRUSS SPACING	ROOF SPAN (feet)	Roof pitch	Roof pitch	Roof pitch	Roof pitch	Roof pitch	Roof pitch	Roof pitch	Roof pitch	Roof pitch	Roof pitch
RAFTER OR TRUSS SPACING	ROOF SPAN (feet)	< 5:12	≥ 5:12	< 5:12	≥ 5:12	< 5:12	≥ 5:12	< 5:12	≥ 5:12	< 5:12	≥ 5:12
		EXPOSURE C	EXPOSURE C	EXPOSURE C	EXPOSURE C	EXPOSURE C	EXPOSURE C	EXPOSURE C	EXPOSURE C	EXPOSURE C	EXPOSURE C
24″ o.c.	12	190	176	220	204	252	236	322	302	396	372
24″ o.c.	18	242	222	282	262	326	302	416	390	514	484
24″ o.c.	24	296	272	346	320	400	370	512	478	634	596
24″ o.c.	28	332	304	390	358	450	416	578	538	716	670
24″ o.c.	32	368	336	432	398	498	462	642	598	796	746
24″ o.c.	36	404	370	474	438	548	508	706	658	876	822
24″ o.c.	42	458	420	538	496	624	578	804	750	998	936
24″ o.c.	48	512	468	604	556	698	646	900	840	1,120	1,048

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 mile per hour = 0.447 m/s, 1 pound = 0.454 kg, 1 pound per square foot = 47.9 N/m2, 1 pound per linear foot = 14.6 N/m.
a. The uplift connection forces are based on a maximum 33-foot mean roof height and Wind Exposure Category B or C. For Exposure D, the uplift connection force shall be
selected from the Exposure C portion of the table using the next highest tabulated ultimate design wind speed. The adjustment coefficients in Table R301.2.1(2) shall not be
used to multiply the tabulated forces for Exposures C and D or for other mean roof heights.
b. The uplift connection forces include an allowance for roof and ceiling assembly dead load of 15 psf.
c. The tabulated uplift connection forces are limited to a maximum roof overhang of 24 inches.
d. The tabulated uplift connection forces shall be permitted to be multiplied by 0.75 for connections not located within 8 feet of building corners.
e. For buildings with hip roofs with 5:12 and greater pitch, the tabulated uplift connection forces shall be permitted to be multiplied by 0.70. This reduction shall not be
combined with any other reduction in tabulated forces.
f. For wall-to-wall and wall-to-foundation connections, the uplift connection force shall be permitted to be reduced by 60 pounds per linear foot for each full wall above.
g. Linear interpolation between tabulated roof spans and wind speeds shall be permitted.
h. The tabulated forces for a 12-inch on-center spacing shall be permitted to be used to determine the uplift load in pounds per linear foot.

R802.11.1 Truss uplift resistance. Trusses shall be attached to supporting wall assemblies by connections capable of resisting uplift forces as specified on the truss design drawings for the ultimate design wind speed as determined by Figure R301.2(2) and listed in Table R301.2 or as shown on the construction documents. Uplift forces shall be permitted to be determined as specified by Table R802.11, if applicable, or as determined by accepted engineering practice.

R802.11.2 Rafter uplift resistance. Individual rafters shall be attached to supporting wall assemblies by connections capable of resisting uplift forces as determined by Table R802.11 or as determined by accepted engineering practice. Connections for beams used in a roof system shall be designed in accordance with accepted engineering practice.