CRSC · California Referenced Standards Code

Installation instructions and design criteria for single‑point latches

Manufacturers must supply illustrated installation instructions and single‑point latches must meet specific actuator types, size limits (e.g., knob 2–2 3/4 in, backset 2 3/4–5 in, throw ≥1/2 in), and strength/performance tests (e.g., releasing torque ≤30 in‑lb, vertical load 350 lb, axial 500 lb) under **§ 12‑10‑201** and **§ 12‑10‑202** of the California Referenced Standards Code.

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Last reviewed: July 6, 2026

What the code requires — 2-4 sentences

Manufacturers must provide approved, illustrated installation instructions that are adequate to ensure proper and safe installation of single‑point latching or locking devices (§ 12-10-201) . The design requirements for those devices — including finishes, actuator types, knob/lever/T‑handle dimensions, backset, throw, and mechanical strength and test limits — are specified in § 12-10-202 and the adjacent test/quality sections of the Standard 12‑10‑2 family (see citations below) .

The single most important rule: Manufacturers must supply illustrated, approved installation instructions; devices must be installed per those instructions and meet the dimensional, actuation, and strength limits in § 12-10-201 and § 12-10-202.

Requirements in detail

Scope and applicability

  • Applies to builders hardware, single‑point latches and locks intended for required means of egress (except Group R and M with occupant load ≤10) — see § 12-10-200 referenced in the same standard (scope) .
  • Fire doors using these devices must additionally conform to the Fire Door Assembly Tests (SFM 12‑7‑4) as noted in the standard .

Actuation and operation

  • Actuation must be by a knob, lever, or “T” handle and shall retract the latch/dead bolt with not to exceed 1/4 turn (thumb pieces/thumb turns are not acceptable) — § 12-10-202(b) .
  • The inside knob (the knob/lever on the egress side) shall be free at all times; any locking mechanism must not prevent release by turning/depressing the inside actuator — § 12-10-202(g) .
  • Operation of the inside knob must retract both latch bolt and dead bolt simultaneously where a dead bolt is present; strike opening must be sized so the dead bolt is not pressed sideways when the latch flat is forced against the strike — § 12-10-202(h) .
  • Retraction shall not depend on springs (i.e., springs cannot be the sole means of retraction) — § 12-10-202(i) .

Dimensions, shapes and clearances

  • Knobs: minimum diameter 2 in (51 mm), maximum 2 3/4 in (70 mm) — § 12-10-202(d) .
  • “T” handle: oval‑shaped with minimum center dimensions 1 3/4 in × 1 in (44 × 25 mm) and projection 1 1/4 in (32 mm) — § 12-10-202(e) .
  • Levers: shall be curved with a return to within 1/2 in (13 mm) of the door face to prevent catching on clothing — § 12-10-202(f) .
  • Backset: must be not less than 2 3/4 in (70 mm) and not more than 5 in (127 mm) — § 12-10-202(j) .
  • Throw (latch bolt projection): minimum 1/2 in (13 mm) — § 12-10-202(k) .
  • Finishes/strikes: smooth finish; no sharp or burred edges; strikes shall be plain with a curved lip and any lip extending beyond the jamb must have rounded corners — § 12-10-202(a) .

Mechanical strength and performance limits (tests)

The standard specifies performance tests whose results define allowable limits for installed devices. Key test limits the installer/designer should be aware of:

  • Releasing torque test: Under a horizontal 50 lb load applied at the latching edge (3 in above spindle), after ≥25 unlatchings, ≤ 30 in‑lb torque on the inside knob (either direction) or ≤ 15 lb downward pressure on an inside lever shall be required to retract the latch. After endurance cycling these limits still apply per the standard — see § 12-10-204(h) / § 12-10-202(c) .
  • Torque loading test: Applied torque of 300 in‑lb to the inside knob/lever while fully retracted — the latch must return and operate; no failures for three samples — § 12-10-204(e) .
  • Axial (pull) load: 500 lb axial load on knob/lever must not pull it off — § 12-10-204(f) .
  • Vertical downward load: 350 lb downward load on knob/lever must not break it off — § 12-10-204(g) .
  • Endurance cycles: Latches/locks are subject to endurance testing (example: 800,000 cycles for certain tests; see test procedure) and limits on torque increase after cycling — § 12-10-204(i) .
  • Roller latches (special): minimum roller projection 3/8 in (9.5 mm) and opening pressure adjustments and fire/endurance requirements apply for roller latches intended for room‑to‑corridor doors — § 12-10-202(l) and related subsections .

Decision‑relevant dimensions/values (quick reference)

Feature / Limit Required value Code Reference
Manufacturer installation instructions Approved, illustrated; adequate for safe installation § 12-10-201
Knob diameter (min / max) 2 in (51 mm) / 2 3/4 in (70 mm) § 12-10-202(d)
“T” handle center dims & projection 1 3/4 × 1 in (44 × 25 mm); 1 1/4 in (32 mm) proj. § 12-10-202(e)
Lever return clearance within 1/2 in (13 mm) of door § 12-10-202(f)
Backset 2 3/4 in (70 mm) ≤ backset ≤ 5 in (127 mm) § 12-10-202(j)
Latch throw (min) 1/2 in (13 mm) § 12-10-202(k)
Releasing torque (max) 30 in‑lb (knob) / 15 lb downward (lever) under specified load § 12-10-204(h)
Horizontal test load for releasing torque 50 lb applied to latching edge § 12-10-204(h)
Axial pull test 500 lb § 12-10-204(f)
Vertical downward test 350 lb § 12-10-204(g)
Torque loading (static) 300 in‑lb § 12-10-204(e)
Endurance cycles (example) 800,000 cycles (test regimen) § 12-10-204(i)
Roller latch projection min 3/8 in (9.5 mm); stops provide min 1/8 in (3 mm) § 12-10-202(l)

Installation instruction requirements

  • The manufacturer’s instructions must be provided with the product and be illustrated; they must include directions and information adequate for proper, safe installation — § 12-10-201 .
  • Test specimens shall be installed in test fixtures “in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions” when tested; this makes following the supplied instructions part of the device’s approved condition — see endurance and test method references § 12-10-204(e, i) .

Exceptions & special cases

  • Thumb pieces / thumb turns are explicitly not acceptable as the primary means to retract single‑point latch bolts/dead bolts — § 12-10-202(b) .
  • Roller latches have special projection, force and installation requirements (e.g., steel frames, anchoring to prevent jamb spreading) and additional fire testing when used on fire‑retardant doors — § 12-10-202(l) and related subsections .
  • Listing by an approved listing agency is not proof of full compliance with these specific design/test requirements; the State Fire Marshal may require the listing agency test report for review and evaluation — see § 12-10-200(c) .
  • Where a dead bolt is present, designers/installers must ensure the strike opening dimension prevents lateral pressure on the dead bolt when the latch flat is forced against the strike — § 12-10-202(h) .

Common mistakes

  • Installing a latch that uses a thumb turn on the egress side (not allowed) — § 12-10-202(b) .
  • Relying on a spring alone to retract the latch or dead bolt (the code forbids retraction that depends on springs) — § 12-10-202(i) .
  • Using a lever that doesn’t return within 1/2 in of the door face (creates snag hazard) — § 12-10-202(f) .
  • Failing to follow the manufacturer’s illustrated installation instructions exactly; because many tests are performed with the device installed per those instructions, deviations can void the tested condition — § 12-10-201 and test procedure notes § 12-10-204(e, i) .
  • Incorrect strikes with sharp edges or unrounded projecting lips (finish/strike requirements apply) — § 12-10-202(a) .
  • Installing roller latches in non‑steel frames or without proper jamb anchoring (roller latch installation rules are specific) — § 12-10-202(l) .

Worked example — concrete scenario

Scenario: You are installing a single‑point latchset on a 1 3/4 in (44 mm) solid wood corridor door that is a required means of egress (non‑residential). The product is a lever‑operated latch with a dead bolt.

  1. Verify manufacturer’s instructions are provided and illustrated; plan to install exactly per those instructions — § 12-10-201 .
  2. Confirm actuator and dimensions:
    • Lever must return within 1/2 in (13 mm) of the door — § 12-10-202(f) .
    • Backset selected = 2 3/4 in (70 mm) (within the allowed 2 3/4 in — 5 in range) — § 12-10-202(j) .
    • Latch throw = 1/2 in (13 mm) minimum (confirm the latch spec) — § 12-10-202(k) .
  3. Strike and jamb: use a plain strike with curved lip and rounded corners; ensure strike opening dimension is large enough so the dead bolt is not pressed sideways when the latch flat is forced against the strike — § 12-10-202(a) and (h) .
  4. Post‑installation checks (practical verification tied to code limits):
    • With a horizontal load of 50 lb applied to the latching edge (3 in above spindle) simulate forced condition: ensure the inside lever requires ≤ 15 lb downward pressure to retract (or ≤ 30 in‑lb torque for knob types) — § 12-10-204(h) .
    • Ensure knob/lever is robust for 350 lb vertical and 500 lb axial loads per the standard test requirements — § 12-10-204(g),(f) .
  5. Record product marking/model and keep manufacturer instructions with as‑installed documentation — § 12-10-206 .

If any of these conditions aren’t met by the product or the installed condition, the device is not compliant with the CRSC requirements in § 12-10-201 / § 12-10-202 and associated test sections.

Related provisions

  • § 12-10-200 — Scope: builders hardware and applicability to means of egress and listings .
  • § 12-10-203 — Construction materials (cases, bolts, corrosion resistance) .
  • § 12-10-204 — Endurance and performance test procedures (torque, axial, vertical, endurance cycles, torque loading) .
  • § 12-10-205 — Thickness of plated coatings test for corrosion resistance .
  • § 12-10-206 — Marking requirements for manufacturer/name/model on the latch or case .
  • § 12-10-202(l) & related — Roller latch special provisions including projection, opening force and frame anchoring .
  • § 12-10-300 et seq. — Emergency exit and panic hardware requirements where cross‑bar actuated devices are used (related performance philosophy) .
  • For installation height and accessibility guidance, see the California Fire Code reference on hardware height ([BE] 1010.2.3), which cross‑references SFM Standard 12‑10‑2 where applicable .

If you need, I can:

  • Produce a one‑page installer checklist (based on the manufacturer instructions + the code checkpoints above), or
  • Review a specific product spec sheet and map each claim to the exact CRSC subsection.

Code references

Grounded in the retrieved California Referenced Standards Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:

  • CRSC § 12-10 High relevance — show source text

    (c) Listing by approved listing agency. Listing by an approved listing agency shall not be construed as necessarily indicating compliance in all respects with the requirements of these design requirements and test procedures for single-point latching or locking devices. The test report of the approved listing agency may be filed for review and after evaluation, if it is found to provide evidence of conformance, the single-point latching or locking device may be recognized for approval and listing.

    (d) Definitions.

    1. Inside knob. Inside knob means the knob, lever, bar or paddle on the side of the door which must be turned or depressed to unlatch or unlock the door to permit egress.
    2. Outside knob. Outside knob means the knob on the corridor side of room to corridor doors, or the knob on the exterior side of a door leading to the exterior.

    INSTRUCTIONS

    Sec. 12-10-201. Approved installation instructions shall be provided by the manufacturer. Instructions shall be illustrated and shall include directions and information adequate to ensure proper and safe installation of the device.

    DESIGN

    Sec. 12-10-202.

    (a) Finish. Builders hardware shall have a smooth finish with no sharp or burred edges. Knobs may be knurled or have an abrasive finish for ease of turning or identification as may be required. Strikes shall be plain with curved lip. Strike and lip extending beyond jamb have rounded corners.

    (b) Knob, lever or “T” handle actuated. Single-point latch bolts and/or dead bolts shall be retracted from the strike to release the door by a knob, lever or “T” handle with not to exceed [1] / 4 turn. A thumb piece or thumb turn is not acceptable for this purpose.

    (c) Tested design. Builders hardware single-point latching or locking devices shall be designed to retract the latch bolt and/or dead bolt after application of the horizontal forces and the endurance tests without exceeding the releasing torque specified in 1210-204 (h). (d) Knobs. Knobs shall have a minimum diameter of 2 inches (51 mm) and a maximum diameter of 2 [3] / 4 inches (70 mm). (e) “T” handle. “T” handles shall be oval-shaped and have minimum dimensions of 1 [3] / 4 inch by 1 inch (44 mm by 25 mm) at center portion with 1 [1] / 4 inch (32 mm) projection. (f) Levers. The lever of lever actuated latches or locks shall be curved with a return to within [1] / 2 inch (13 mm) of the door to prevent catching on the clothing of persons during egress.

    (g) Self-releasing knob. The inside knob shall be free at all times. Any locking, stopworks or shut-out mechanism shall not prevent retracting the latch bolt or dead bolt to release the door by turning of the inside knob, or “T” handle, or depressing the inside lever, bar or paddle.

    (h) Dead bolt operation. Operation of the inside knob shall retract both latch bolt and dead bolt simultaneously. The opening in the strike shall be of such dimensions that when the flat of the latch bolt is forced against the edge of the latch hole there shall be no pressure against the side of the dead bolt.

    (i) Springs. Retraction of the latch bolt and/or dead bolt shall not depend on springs. (j) Backset. Backset shall be not less than 2 [3] / 4 inches (70 mm) or more than 5 inches (127 mm).

  • CRSC § 12-7 High relevance — show source text

    (a) Builders hardware, exit doors. These design requirements and testing procedures apply to builders hardware, single-point latches and locks, intended for use on required means of egress doors in other than Group R and M Occupancies with an occupant load of 10 or less. It is the intent that devices designed and tested in accordance with these procedures will develop data to enable the State Fire Marshal to determine the suitability of latches and locks on means of egress doors. Alternate designs and materials may be submitted with substantiating test data. If, after evaluation, devices are found to comply with the intent of these procedures, they may also be recognized for approval and listing by the State Fire Marshal.

    (b) Fire doors. Builders hardware single-point latches and locks intended for use on doors bearing a fire-retardant classification shall also conform to the construction standards and performance tests specified in Fire Door Assembly Tests, SFM 12-7-4, Section 12-7-400.

    (c) Listing by approved listing agency. Listing by an approved listing agency shall not be construed as necessarily indicating compliance in all respects with the requirements of these design requirements and test procedures for single-point latching or locking devices. The test report of the approved listing agency may be filed for review and after evaluation, if it is found to provide evidence of conformance, the single-point latching or locking device may be recognized for approval and listing.

    (d) Definitions.

    1. Inside knob. Inside knob means the knob, lever, bar or paddle on the side of the door which must be turned or depressed to unlatch or unlock the door to permit egress.
    2. Outside knob. Outside knob means the knob on the corridor side of room to corridor doors, or the knob on the exterior side of a door leading to the exterior.

    INSTRUCTIONS

    Sec. 12-10-201. Approved installation instructions shall be provided by the manufacturer. Instructions shall be illustrated and shall include directions and information adequate to ensure proper and safe installation of the device.

    DESIGN

    Sec. 12-10-202.

    (a) Finish. Builders hardware shall have a smooth finish with no sharp or burred edges. Knobs may be knurled or have an abrasive finish for ease of turning or identification as may be required. Strikes shall be plain with curved lip. Strike and lip extending beyond jamb have rounded corners.

    (b) Knob, lever or “T” handle actuated. Single-point latch bolts and/or dead bolts shall be retracted from the strike to release the door by a knob, lever or “T” handle with not to exceed [1] / 4 turn. A thumb piece or thumb turn is not acceptable for this purpose.

  • CRSC § 12-10 High relevance — show source text

    (g) Vertical load test. Each latch or lock shall be installed as described in Section 12-10-204 (e). Each latch or lock shall be subjected to a vertical downward force applied perpendicular to the spindle axis through a sling which shall conform to the knob shape. A vertical downward force of 350 pounds shall be applied first to the outside knob and then to the inside knob or lever. Neither knob nor lever shall break off under the downward force. Three latches or locks shall be tested and there shall be no failures.

    (h) Releasing torque test. A latch or lock set shall be installed as described in Section 12-10-204 (e). A hydraulic or pneumatic loading device shall be used to apply a horizontal force of 50 pounds against the latching edge of the test block 3 inches (76 mm) above and in the vertical center of the latch or lock spindle in such a direction that the flat of the latch bolt is forced against the edge of the latch hole in the strike. After not less than 25 unlatchings under the above-prescribed load not more than 30 inch-pounds of torque on the inside knob in either direction or 15 pounds of downward pressure on an inside lever shall be required to retract the latch bolt. After 100,000 cycles of the endurance test as described in Section 12-10-204 (i), the torque or downward pressure necessary to retract the latch bolt shall not exceed the above-prescribed limits.

    (i) Endurance test. Five latches or locks shall be subjected to an accelerated endurance test as provided in this subsection. The locks shall be installed in the door of the endurance testing apparatus in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions. The latch or lock shall be operated to retract the latch, open the door, and close the door at a rate of approximately 10 cycles per minute. A cycle shall consist of the following:

    1. Turn the inside knob to retract the latch bolt.

    2. Open the door after the latch bolt is restricted to clear the strike.

    3. Release the knob allowing the latch bolt to return to its extended position by action of its own spring.

    After insertion of the latches or locks in the test door the torque in inch-pounds necessary to fully retract the latch bolts shall be recorded. The torque shall be the average recorded for the five latches or locks. Each sample shall be subjected to 800,000 operating cycles as described above. Each latch shall continue to extend itself per cycle 3 above throughout the test. At the end of the endurance test the torque to retract the latch bolts of any four latch bolts shall not exceed two times the initial average torque. If two latches fail to operate successfully at the end of the test or the torque of any four latches exceeds two times the initial average torque, an additional five latches or locks shall be subjected to the endurance test and the torque of any seven latches shall not exceed two times the initial average torque.

    (j) Roller latches.

    1. Fire test. Roller latches shall be installed in a composite test fire door in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions and subjected to the fire test as described in SFM 12-7-4, for a period of 30 minutes. The latch shall be adjusted to an opening pressure of 20 pounds applied to the closing edge immediately above the latch. Throughout the test the latch shall require an applied pressure of 20 pounds to open the door.
    2. Endurance test. Five samples of the roller latch shall be subjected to the endurance test as described in Section 12-10-204 (i).
  • CRSC § 12-10 Medium relevance — show source text

    Except as shown, materials shall be of steel, welded or bolted. The test apparatus may be of alternate design and construction having equivalent or greater rigidity. 2. Endurance test. Apparatus for the endurance test shall consist of frame and test door as shown in Figure 12-10-2-2. An alternate design having equivalent or greater rigidity may be utilized. Alternate designs utilizing components of greater dimensions or greater rigidity may affect details of the approval and listing. 3. Test equipment. Torque wrenches, spring scales, hydraulic or pneumatic pressure scales, or other instruments shall be calibrated in an approved manner. (e) Torque loading test. Each latch or lock shall be installed in a 1 [3] / 4 -inch (44 mm) thick test block in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions. The test block shall be installed in the static loading test fixture. The torque load shall be applied to the inside door knob or lever. The knob or lever shall be turned or depressed to fully retract the latch bolt or dead bolt before application of the torque load. The applied torque load shall be 300 inch-pounds. After removal of the torque load the latch shall automatically return to its latch position, the dead bolt shall be extended to its locked position.

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    EXITS

    Subsequent hand turning of the knob or depressing the lever shall retract the latch or dead bolt. Three representative latches and/or locks shall be tested and there shall be no failures.

    (f) Axial load. Each latch or lock shall be installed as described in Section 12-10-204 (e). A hydraulic loading device or load dynamometer shall be applied first to the outside knob and then to the inside knob or lever so that the force applied to the knob or lever is in line with the axis of the spindle. The axial load applied alternately to the outside knob and inside knob or lever shall be 500 pounds. Neither knob nor lever shall pull off under the axial load. Three representative latches and/or locks shall be tested and there shall be no failures.

    (g) Vertical load test. Each latch or lock shall be installed as described in Section 12-10-204 (e). Each latch or lock shall be subjected to a vertical downward force applied perpendicular to the spindle axis through a sling which shall conform to the knob shape. A vertical downward force of 350 pounds shall be applied first to the outside knob and then to the inside knob or lever. Neither knob nor lever shall break off under the downward force. Three latches or locks shall be tested and there shall be no failures.

    (h) Releasing torque test. A latch or lock set shall be installed as described in Section 12-10-204 (e). A hydraulic or pneumatic loading device shall be used to apply a horizontal force of 50 pounds against the latching edge of the test block 3 inches (76 mm) above and in the vertical center of the latch or lock spindle in such a direction that the flat of the latch bolt is forced against the edge of the latch hole in the strike. After not less than 25 unlatchings under the above-prescribed load not more than 30 inch-pounds of torque on the inside knob in either direction or 15 pounds of downward pressure on an inside lever shall be required to retract the latch bolt.

  • CRSC § 12-7 Medium relevance — show source text

    (g) Self-releasing knob. The inside knob shall be free at all times. Any locking, stopworks or shut-out mechanism shall not prevent retracting the latch bolt or dead bolt to release the door by turning of the inside knob, or “T” handle, or depressing the inside lever, bar or paddle.

    (h) Dead bolt operation. Operation of the inside knob shall retract both latch bolt and dead bolt simultaneously. The opening in the strike shall be of such dimensions that when the flat of the latch bolt is forced against the edge of the latch hole there shall be no pressure against the side of the dead bolt.

    (i) Springs. Retraction of the latch bolt and/or dead bolt shall not depend on springs. (j) Backset. Backset shall be not less than 2 [3] / 4 inches (70 mm) or more than 5 inches (127 mm).

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    EXITS

    (k) Throw. Latches shall have a minimum latch throw of [1] / 2 inch (13 mm). Latches intended for use on fire endurance rated doors shall also conform to the requirements of SFM 12-7-4, Section 12-7-400, Fire Door Assembly Tests. (l) Roller latches. Roller latches intended for use on room to corridor doors shall have a minimum projection of [3] / 8 inch (9.5 mm) excluding any coating or sound deadening material. Stops or staking shall be provided to provide a minimum projection of 1 / 8 inch (3 mm). Spring design shall be such as will require an opening force of 20 pounds when the roller projects 3 1 / 6 inch (72 mm) in a door and frame with [1] / 8 -inch (3 mm) jamb clearance. Adjustment of the roller projection shall not be possible from the front of face plate.

    CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

    Sec. 12-10-203.

    (a) Cases, interior working parts. Cases, latch or lock enclosures, and interior working parts shall be of brass, bronze, steel, monel, stainless steel or of materials equivalent in mechanical strength to brass or bronze. Cases of mortise locks may be of cast iron.

    (b) Latch bolts, strikes. Latch bolts and strikes shall be of brass, bronze, monel, stainless steel or materials equivalent in mechanical strength having corrosion resistance equivalent to brass or bronze.

    (c) Corrosion resistance. Cases, enclosures and internal working parts shall have corrosion resistance equivalent to cadmium plating not less than 0.00015 inch (0.004 mm) thick or zinc plating not less than 0.0004 inch (0.01 mm) thick, or processed to give equal corrosion resistance as determined by comparison in salt fog atmosphere per ASTM Method B-117.

    (d) Nonmetallic materials. Nonmetallic materials may be used as coatings or for wearing surfaces, rollers and finishes, and antifriction inserts, or for similar purpose if the material otherwise conforms to these requirements.

    (e) Springs. Component springs used in the assembly of a latch or lock shall be of material having spring properties equivalent to stainless steel conforming to ASTM A313.67.

    ENDURANCE AND PERFORMANCE TEST PROCEDURES

    Sec. 12-10-204.

  • CRSC § 12-10 Medium relevance — show source text

    (e) Fault condition introduced. Under each possible fault condition that affects the power supply with the sliding leaf or leaves retracted one-half the leaf width into its or their pocket(s) each swinging section shall open to the 90-degree position with an applied pressure at the normal location of the push plate not exceeding 40 pounds.

    (f) Sliding doors without swing-out section. Power-operated sliding doors which are not provided with a swing-out section may be evaluated for conformance to the mechanical requirements and endurance tests provided in this standard. Power-operated sliding doors which are not provided with a swing-out section shall not be listed for use in locations where required exits are specified in Part 2, Title 24, California Code of Regulations.

    (g) Activating carpets, safety mats. Activating carpets and safety mats shall conform to Section 12-10-102 (f).

    MARKING

    Sec. 12-10-104. The name of the manufacturer, or trademark by which the manufacturer can be readily identified, shall be legibly marked on the operating equipment where it can be seen after installation. The type, model number or letter designation identifying the product as a listed device shall be provided on a label attached in a location as indicated in its listing.

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    SINGLE-POINT LATCHING OR LOCKING DEVICES

    STANDARD 12-10-2

    STATE FIRE MARSHAL

    SCOPE

    Sec. 12-10-200.

    (a) Builders hardware, exit doors. These design requirements and testing procedures apply to builders hardware, single-point latches and locks, intended for use on required means of egress doors in other than Group R and M Occupancies with an occupant load of 10 or less. It is the intent that devices designed and tested in accordance with these procedures will develop data to enable the State Fire Marshal to determine the suitability of latches and locks on means of egress doors. Alternate designs and materials may be submitted with substantiating test data. If, after evaluation, devices are found to comply with the intent of these procedures, they may also be recognized for approval and listing by the State Fire Marshal.

    (b) Fire doors. Builders hardware single-point latches and locks intended for use on doors bearing a fire-retardant classification shall also conform to the construction standards and performance tests specified in Fire Door Assembly Tests, SFM 12-7-4, Section 12-7-400.

    (c) Listing by approved listing agency. Listing by an approved listing agency shall not be construed as necessarily indicating compliance in all respects with the requirements of these design requirements and test procedures for single-point latching or locking devices. The test report of the approved listing agency may be filed for review and after evaluation, if it is found to provide evidence of conformance, the single-point latching or locking device may be recognized for approval and listing.

    (d) Definitions.

    1. Inside knob. Inside knob means the knob, lever, bar or paddle on the side of the door which must be turned or depressed to unlatch or unlock the door to permit egress.
    2. Outside knob. Outside knob means the knob on the corridor side of room to corridor doors, or the knob on the exterior side of a door leading to the exterior.
  • CRSC § 12-10 Medium relevance — show source text

    EXITS

    (f) Nonmetallic materials. Nonmetallic materials may be used as coatings for wearing surfaces, rollers, finishes or for similar purposes if the materials otherwise conform to these requirements.

    ENDURANCE AND PERFORMANCE TESTS

    Sec. 12-10-304.

    (a) Testing laboratory. Tests shall be conducted at a testing laboratory approved by the State Fire Marshal, or tests shall be conducted by a qualified independent fire protection engineer, acceptable to the State Fire Marshal in test facilities acceptable to the State Fire Marshal.

    (b) Report. The test report shall include a detailed description of the releasing mechanism and its intended function; engineering data, shop drawings and photographs; identification of materials as to source, composition, strength and corrosion resistance; the physical or chemical tests including dimension of parts before and after the endurance tests establishing conformance of materials. The report shall include copies of the manufacturer’s installation instructions. The report shall be verified by the laboratory or fire protection engineer responsible for the conduct of the test. The test report and evidence of listing by an approved listing agency may be provided for the applicable portions of these endurance and performance tests.

    (c) Test equipment. The releasing mechanism shall be applied on a suitable door hung on heavy duty ball bearing butts or pivots installed in a suitable metal frame in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. A motor-driven mechanism shall be used to actuate the cross-bar so as to release the latches or dead-locking bolts, push the door open and jerk the door shut so that the latches or dead-locking bolts operate as in service. The rate of operation or number of cycles shall be approximately ten per minute. For the test the assembly is to have only the lubrication which is provided at the factory or as recommended by the manufacturer in his installation instructions.

    Note: Mechanisms involving dead-locking bolts may require modification in the test procedure in order to simulate the intended in-service condition. Modifications in the test procedure shall be filed for evaluation and approval before proceeding with the test.

    (d) Releasing pressure. The motor-driven mechanism shall be arranged to apply not to exceed 15 pounds pressure against the cross-bar to release the door latch(es) or dead-locking bolts before the door is pushed open.

    (e) Cycle test. The release mechanism and latches or dead-locking bolts shall function as intended for 100,000 cycles of operation without failure or excessive wear of the parts.

    EMERGENCY OPERATION TEST

    Sec. 12-10-305.

    (a) Releasing pressure. The release mechanism shall be so designed that a horizontal force of 50 pounds or less will actuate the release bar and latches or dead-locking bolt when the latched or locked door is subjected to outward pressure as described in Sections 12-10-305 (c) and (d). The horizontal force shall be applied at any point along the cross-bar perpendicular to the door in the direction of swing.

    (b) Test specimen. The test specimen for the emergency operation test shall be the sample which has been previously subjected to the cycle test specified in Section 12-10-304.

    (c) Testing instrument. The horizontal force applied to the cross-bar shall be measured with a calibrated spring scale or other approved means.

    (d) Outward pressure, single door. A hydraulic loading device or load dynamometer shall be used to apply a horizontal force of 250 pounds against the latching edge in the direction in which the door opens. The thrust load shall be applied to the stile immediately above the latching mechanism.

  • CRSC § 12-10 Medium relevance — show source text

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    EXITS

    number or letter designation identifying the listed product shall be legibly marked on the latch or case. Such identification may be an approved marking or label on the case.

    FIGURE 12-10-2.1 — STATIC LOADING FIXTURE

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    EXITS

    FIGURE 12-10-2-2—ENDURANCE LIFE TESTING APPARATUS

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    EMERGENCY EXIT AND PANIC HARDWARE

    STANDARD 12-10-3

    STATE FIRE MARSHAL

    SCOPE

    Sec. 12-10-300.

    (a) Exit door hardware. These requirements and methods of test apply to releasing devices actuated by a crossbar for outwardopening doors intended for use on exit doors.

    (b) Fire-exit hardware. Releasing devices intended for use on doors bearing a fire-retardant classification shall also conform to the construction standards and performance tests specified in Fire Door Assembly Tests, SFM 12-7-4, Section 12-7-400.

    (c) Listing by approved listing agency. Listing by an approved listing agency shall not be construed as necessarily indicating compliance in all respects with the requirements of these Construction Standards and Performance Tests for Emergency Exit and Panic Hardware. The test report of the listing agency may be filed for review and after evaluation, if it is found to provide evidence of conformance, the releasing device assembly may be recognized for approval and listing.

    INSTRUCTIONS

    Sec. 12-10-301. Approved installation instructions shall be provided by the manufacturer. Instructions shall be illustrated and shall include directions and information adequate for obtaining proper and safe installation of the equipment.

    DESIGN

    Sec. 12-10-302.

    (a) Releasing pressure. Exit panic hardware mechanisms shall be designed to release the door latch or latches when pressure not to exceed 15 pounds is applied at any point along the cross-bar perpendicular to the door in the direction of exit travel. The cross-bar shall extend across not less than one-half the width of the door.

    (b) Locking device. A locking device employed as part of the mechanism shall not prevent release of the door latch or latches when pressure of not to exceed 15 pounds is applied to the cross-bar in the direction of exit travel.

    (c) Dead locking bolt. A dead locking bolt shall not be provided as a part of the mechanism unless it is released and retracted, and does not prevent release of the door latch or latches, or release of the door to swing outward when pressure not to exceed 15 pounds is applied to the cross-bar in the direction of exit travel.

    (d) Cross bar. The ends of the cross-bar shall be curved, guarded or otherwise designed to prevent catching on the clothing of persons during egress.

  • CRSC § 12-72 Medium relevance — show source text

    PROTECTIVE SIGNALING SYSTEMS

    TABLE 12-72-1D—ENDURANCE TEST Col2 Col3
    NORMAL SIGNALING PERFORMANCE OF DEVICE TOTAL NUMBER OF
    CYCLES DEVICE TO BE
    TESTED    		 CYCLES PER
    MINUTE
    Continuous noncode signal for each operation of alarm signal initiating device 6,000 6
    A number of coded or noncode impulses for each operation of alarm signal initiating device 40,000 60
    Preliminary coded or noncode signal impulses followed by continuous signal impulses after
    each operation of alarm signal initiating device    		 40,000
    resetting of device after
    each group of 40 impulses    		 —
    60
    Relays 40,000 60

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    12-72-2 PROTECTIVE SIGNALING SYSTEMS

    SINGLE- AND MULTIPLE-STATION FIRE ALARM DEVICES MECHANICALLY OPERATED TYPE

    STANDARD 12-72-2

    STATE FIRE MARSHAL

    SCOPE

    Sec. 12-72-200.

    (a) Basic. This standard represents the minimum basic requirements for the construction and performance of single- and multiple-station fire alarm devices intended for indoor installation, and to be listed under this classification. The minimum design, construction and performance standards set forth herein are those deemed as minimum necessary to establish conformance to the regulations of the State Fire Marshal.

    (b) Definitions. For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions shall apply:

    1. Fire alarm device, multiple station. Two or more gas-operated single station units interconnected by metal tubing to one or more remote alarm-sounding devices.

    2. Fire alarm device, single station. A self-contained fire alarm system comprising a heat detector, an alarm- sounding device and a stored energy source incorporated in one integral package. The basic types are gas- operated units and springwound units.

    3. Gas-operated type. A device having a temperature-sensitive eutectic element; compressed gas, usually in a liquid state in a cylinder; and a sounding means, such as a horn or whistle. When the eutectic element melts, the compressed gas is released in a gaseous state through the alarm-sounding device.

    4. Spring-wound type. A device having a temperature-sensitive bimetal or eutectic element and a spring-wound type mechanism with clapper mounted within a bell housing. The snap action of the bimetal or melting of the eutectic element releases the spring mechanism resulting in a bell-type sound.

    TEST REPORTS

    Sec. 12-72-201.

    (a) Test Report contents. The report shall include engineering data, and an analysis comparing the design against Sections 1272-201(b) through 12-72-202(g); it shall include operating manuals and photographs. The report shall set forth the tests performed in accordance with this standard and the results thereof.

    (b) Instructions and drawings. A copy of the operating and installation instructions and any related drawings is to be furnished with the sample submitted for investigation to be used as a guide in the examination and test of the unit and for this purpose they need not be in final printed form.

  • CRSC § 1010.2.1 Medium relevance — show source text

    [BE] 1010.2.1 Unlatching. The unlatching of any door or leaf for egress shall require not more than one motion in a single linear or rotational direction to release all latching and all locking devices. locking devices. Manual bolts are not permitted.

    Exceptions:

    1. Places of detention or restraint.

    2. Doors with manual bolts, automatic flush bolts and constant latching bolts as permitted by Section 1010.2.4, Item 4.

    3. Doors from individual dwelling units and sleeping units of Group R occupancies as permitted by Section 1010.2.4, Item 5.

    [BE] 1010.2.2 Hardware. Door handles, pulls, latches, locks and other operating devices on doors required to be accessible by Chapter 11A or 11B of the California Building Code shall not require tight grasping, tight pinching or twisting of the wrist to operate.

    These design requirements for door handles, pulls, latches, locks and other operating devices, intended for use on required means of egress doors in other than Group R and M occupancies with an occupant load of 10 or less, shall comply with SFM Standard 12-10-2, Section 12-10-202, contained in the CCR, Title 24, Part 12, California Referenced Standards Code.

    [BE] 1010.2.3 Hardware height. Door handles, pulls, latches, locks and other operating devices shall be installed 34 inches (864 mm) minimum and 48 inches (1219 mm) maximum above the finished floor.

    Exceptions:

    1. Locks used only for security purposes and not used for normal operation are permitted at any height.
    2. Where the International Swimming Pool and Spa Code requires restricting access to a pool, spa or hot tub, and where door and gate latch release mechanisms are accessed from the outside of the barrier and are not of the self-locking type, such a mechanism shall be located above the finished floor or ground surface, not less than 52 inches (1219 mm) and not greater than 54 inches (1370 mm), provided that the latch release mechanism is not a self-locking type such as where the lock is operated by means of a key, electronic opener or the entry of a combination into an integral combination lock.

    [BE] 1010.2.4 Locks and latches. Locks and latches shall be permitted to prevent operation of doors where any of the following exist:

    1. Places of detention or restraint.

    2. In Group R-2.1 and Group I-2 occupancies where the clinical needs of persons receiving care require containment or where persons receiving care pose a security threat, provided that all clinical staff can readily unlock doors at all times, and all such locks are keyed to keys carried by all clinical staff at all times or all clinical staff have the codes or other means necessary to operate the locks at all times.

    3. In buildings in occupancy Group A having an occupant load of 300 or less, Groups B, F, M and S, and in places of religious worship, the main door or doors are permitted to be equipped with key-operated locking devices from the egress side provided that: 3.1. The doors are the main exterior doors to the building, or the doors are the main doors to the tenant space. 3.2. The locking device is readily distinguishable as locked. 3.3.

  • CRSC § 12-3 Medium relevance — show source text

    12-3-3.11 Security bars shall be constructed so that they do not swing up to open. They shall not include projections that can easily snag the clothing of those escaping through the opening.

    12-3-3.12 Security bars shall have been constructed such that a sphere 4 inches (102 mm) in diameter shall not pass through any opening and shall not create other potential head entrapment hazards.

    SECTION 12-3-4—MATERIALS

    12-3-4.1 The materials employed shall have adequate mechanical strength to perform their expected function.

    12-3-4.2 O-rings, gaskets and seals shall comply with UL Standard 157, 1996 Edition. Polymeric materials shall comply with UL Standard 746C, 1995 Edition, Section 25-27.

    Exception: O-rings, gaskets, seals and polymeric materials that are used as decorative parts, or whose failure will not affect the ability of the system to comply with these requirements.

    12-3-4.3 Components constructed of dissimilar metals shall not be used in applications where contact between them is likely to cause galvanic corrosion. The materials employed shall reduce the likelihood of the release mechanism becoming inoperative due to corrosion.

    12-3-4.4 Ferrous metal parts shall be 300 series stainless steel or protected against corrosion using minimum G60 or A60 hot-dipped mil galvanization, 0.0104 mm thick zinc coating, 0.0127 mm thick cadmium coating or two coats of organic outdoor paint.

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    RELEASING SYSTEMS FOR SECURITY BARS IN DWELLINGS

    12-3-4.5 Manual actuators.

    12-3-4.5.1 Security bar releasing assembly mechanisms shall include a manual actuation mechanism that is capable of unlatching the security bars so that they can be opened by the occupants. The actuating force shall be applied in one of the following

    manners:

    Finger actuated: Pushing with the index finger or pulling a loop with the index finger in a curled position.

    Hand actuated: Pulling, pushing, twisting, rotating or turning a lever, knob, handle, rod or similar actuator with the hand or multiple fingers.

    Foot actuated: Kicking, depressing or stepping on an actuating pedal, lever, stirrup or similar actuator.

    12-3-4.5.2 On foot-actuated systems, only a single foot motion shall be used to disengage the bar assembly from the latch. On finger- and hand-actuated systems, one or two distinct hand or finger motions shall be used to disengage the bar assembly from the latch.

    12-3-4.5.3 Releasing the actuator after the latch has been disengaged from the bar assembly shall not reengage the bar assembly.

    12-3-4.5.4 No features or methods shall be provided or referenced in the instruction manual to inhibit the operation of the releasing mechanism.

    12-3-4.6 Cables and connectors.

    12-3-4.6.1 Cables connecting actuators to latches and release mechanisms shall only be used in applications where the force transmitted by them during normal operation is less than [ 1] / 10 the manufacturer’s rated working tension or compression.

Frequently asked questions

Can I use a thumb turn on the egress side of a corridor door?

No. Thumb pieces/thumb turns are not acceptable as the primary actuator to release single‑point latch bolts or dead bolts per § 12-10-202(b) .

Are spring‑retracted latches allowed?

No. Retraction of the latch bolt and/or dead bolt shall not depend on springs — the mechanism must operate without relying solely on springs (§ 12-10-202(i)) .

What is the maximum torque allowed to retract a knob after a specified load?

After the specified horizontal 50 lb load and test cycles, not more than 30 in‑lb of torque on the inside knob (or 15 lb downward on an inside lever) shall be required to retract the latch — § 12-10-204(h) .

Do I have to follow the manufacturer’s installation instructions?

Yes. Approved, illustrated installation instructions shall be provided and devices are tested/approved in the installed configuration described in those instructions; installers must follow them — § 12-10-201 and test procedures § 12-10-204(e,i) .

Are listed products automatically fully compliant?

No. Listing by an approved listing agency shall not be construed as necessarily indicating compliance in all respects; the State Fire Marshal may require and evaluate listing agency test reports — § 12-10-200(c) .

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California Referenced Standards Code