CBC · California Building Code

What testing or limits apply to curtains, draperies and fabric hangings?

Curtains and fabric hangings that require improved fire performance must be tested by an approved agency and be flame‑resistant per CCR Title 19; the CBC sets a baseline 10% area limit for many occupancies with important exceptions (e.g., sprinklered auditoriums up to 75%, sprinklered dormitory units up to 50%, window coverings exempt) and prohibits pyroxylin in Group A — documentation must be available to the building official (§ 806.4, § 806.5, and related exceptions) file.

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Last reviewed: July 5, 2026

What the code requires — 2–4 sentences

Curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar combustible decorative materials suspended from walls or ceilings must be flame‑resistant when the code requires improved fire performance; the California Building Code directs that such materials be tested by an approved agency and be flame resistant in accordance with CCR, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8 (§ 806.4) . The CBC also forbids the use of pyroxylin (imitation leather or similar hazardous coated materials) in Group A occupancies (§ 806.5) . Limits on how much fabric may be used (for example the common 10% rule and certain exceptions) are stated elsewhere in Chapter 8 and are tied to occupancy and sprinkler protection; those limits interact with the testing/acceptance requirement in § 806.4 .

Requirements in detail

1) Testing / acceptance (what the code actually requires)

  • When improved fire performance is required, the material must be tested by an approved agency and be flame resistant in accordance with CCR, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8; test reports must be prepared consistent with the test method used and furnished to the building official on request (§ 806.4) .
  • The CBC itself points to the State regulations for the flame‑resistance standard (CCR Title 19). The California Fire Code gives explicit test options (NFPA 701 Test Method 1 or 2, or NFPA 289 maximum heat‑release criteria) for acceptance when required; these are the documented acceptance approaches used in California practice (see Fire Code § 807.3) .

2) Area limits (how much combustible fabric is allowed)

The CBC ties limits to occupancy and to whether the material is used as window covering. Key decision values:

Decision point Value / limit Code Reference
Default limit for curtains/draperies/fabric hangings (Groups A, B, E, I, M, R‑1 and dormitories in R‑2) Not to exceed 10% of the specific wall or ceiling area to which attached § 806.2
Auditorium exception when building is fully sprinklered and installed per § 803.15 Up to 75% of aggregate wall area Exception to § 806.2 (auditoriums)
R‑2 dormitories (within sleeping units and dwelling units) when building is fully sprinklered Up to 50% of aggregate wall area Exception to § 806.2 (R‑2 dormitories)
Group B and M — ceiling‑suspended combustible fabric partitions Not limited by percent, but must comply with § 806.4 (testing/acceptance) Exception to § 806.2 (Group B and M)
Window coverings (ordinary curtains/draperies used as window coverings) 10% limit does NOT apply (exempt) Exception to § 806.2
Prohibited material in Group A Pyroxylin plastic (imitation leather or similar coated with pyroxylin) — not permitted § 806.5

3) Documentation, labeling and reports

  • Test reports must be prepared in accordance with the method used and furnished to the building official on request (§ 806.4) .
  • State regulations (CCR Title 19) require manufacturer/treatment certificates and job labeling for treated fabrics; the Fire Code reproduces and references those labeling/certification requirements (see CCR Title 19 references in the Fire Code) file.

Exceptions & special cases

  • Auditorium exception: in Group A (auditoriums) if the building is fully sprinklered per § 903.3.1.1 and the material is installed in accordance with § 803.15, the allowable suspended combustible decorative material can be increased to 75% of aggregate wall area (exception to § 806.2) .
  • Dormitory exception: in Group R‑2 dormitories (within sleeping units/dwelling units) a fully sprinklered building may allow up to 50% of aggregate wall area (exception to § 806.2) .
  • Group B and M partitions: fabric partitions suspended from the ceiling and not supported by the floor are not limited by the 10% rule but still must meet the acceptance/testing requirements of § 806.4 (exception to § 806.2) .
  • Window coverings: ordinary curtains and draperies used as window coverings are exempt from the 10% limit (exception to § 806.2) .
  • Materials treated with flame‑retardant chemicals must be maintained to retain effectiveness (general requirement for decorative materials in Chapter 8) .

Common mistakes

  • Assuming “10%” applies to every situation — it’s the base rule for many occupancies, but there are clear exceptions (auditorium, sprinklered dormitories, Group B/M partitions, window coverings) (§ 806.2 and its exceptions) .
  • Thinking that any label or "flame‑resistant" claim is sufficient — CBC requires testing by an approved agency and compliance with CCR Title 19 when improved fire performance is required; documentation must be available to the building official (§ 806.4) .
  • Using pyroxylin (imitation leather) in Group A spaces — explicitly prohibited by § 806.5 .
  • Forgetting installation rules — some exceptions (e.g., auditorium 75%) require that the material be installed per other code sections such as § 803.15 and that the building be sprinklered in accordance with § 903.3.1.1 (§ 806.2 exceptions) .
  • Relying only on national test names without checking California references — CBC points to CCR Title 19; the Fire Code provides commonly used test methods (NFPA 701, NFPA 289) that are accepted in practice (Fire Code § 807.3) .

Worked example

Scenario: A small theater (Group A auditorium) has an aggregate wall area of 2,000 ft². The building is fully sprinklered per § 903.3.1.1 and the curtain installation will meet § 803.15 installation requirements.

Step 1 — Determine applicable limit: auditorium exception allows up to 75% of aggregate wall area when fully sprinklered and installed per § 803.15 (Exception to § 806.2) .

Step 2 — Calculate allowed fabric area:

  • 75% × 2,000 ft² = 1,500 ft² allowed suspended combustible decorative material.

Step 3 — Testing/documentation:

  • Because this is combustible fabric suspended from walls/ceilings, it must be tested by an approved agency and be flame resistant in accordance with CCR Title 19, and test reports must be available to the building official on request (§ 806.4) .
  • In practice, acceptance may be demonstrated by NFPA 701 or NFPA 289 test reports as identified in related state Fire Code acceptance language (Fire Code § 807.3) .

Result: Up to 1,500 ft² of the specified decorative fabric may be suspended, provided the installation meets § 803.15, the building is sprinklered as required, the material is tested/treated per CCR Title 19 and documentation is available (§§ 806.2, 806.4, 803.15, 903.3.1.1) file.

Related provisions

  • § 806.2 — Combustible decorative materials; baseline 10% limit and exceptions (see exceptions for auditorium, dormitories, B/M, window coverings)
  • § 806.4 — Acceptance criteria and reports; testing by approved agency and compliance with CCR Title 19 (PRIMARY TESTING REFERENCE)
  • § 806.5 — Pyroxylin plastic — prohibited in Group A (material prohibition)
  • § 803.15 — (Installation requirements referenced by auditoria exception) — see exception language in § 806.2 that conditions the 75% allowance on installation per § 803.15
  • § 903.3.1.1 — Automatic sprinkler requirement referenced by exceptions (auditorium and dormitory exceptions)
  • CCR, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8 — State standard for flame resistance and labeling/certification requirements (referenced by § 806.4 and reproduced in Fire Code commentary) file
  • Fire Code § 807.3 — Acceptance criteria (NFPA 701 test methods or NFPA 289 heat‑release criteria) as used in California practice for combustible decorative materials (useful cross‑reference)

Code references

Grounded in the retrieved California Building Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:

  • CBC § 903.3.1.1 High relevance — show source text

    Fixed or movable walls and partitions, paneling, wall pads and crash pads applied structurally or for decoration, acoustical correction, surface insulation or other purposes shall be considered to be interior finish, shall comply with Section 803 and shall not be considered to be decorative materials or furnishings.

    Exceptions:

    1. In auditoriums in Group A, the permissible amount of curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar combustible decorative materials suspended from walls or ceilings shall not exceed 75 percent of the aggregate wall area where the building is equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1, and where the material is installed in accordance with Section 803.15 of this code.

    2. In Group R-2 dormitories, within sleeping units and dwelling units, the permissible amount of curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar decorative materials suspended from walls or ceiling shall not exceed 50 percent of the aggregate wall areas where the building is equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.

    3. In Group B and M occupancies, the amount of combustible fabric partitions suspended from the ceiling and not supported by the floor shall comply with Section 806.4 and shall not be limited.

    4. The 10-percent limit shall not apply to curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar combustible decorative materials used as window coverings.

    [F] 806.3 Occupancy-based requirements. Occupancy-based requirements for combustible decorative materials, other than decorative vegetation, not complying with Section 806.4 shall comply with Sections 807.5.1 through 807.5.6 of the California Fire Code .

    [F] 806.4 Acceptance criteria and reports. Where required to exhibit improved fire performance, curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar combustible decorative materials suspended from walls or ceilings shall be tested by an approved agency and shall be flame resistant in accordance with the provisions set forth in CCR, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8 . Reports of test results shall be prepared in accordance with the test method used and furnished to the building official on request.

    2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 8-7

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    INTERIOR FINISHES

    [F] 806.5 Pyroxylin plastic. Imitation leather or other material consisting of or coated with a pyroxylin or similarly hazardous base shall not be used in Group A occupancies.

    [F] 806.6 Interior trim. Material, other than foam plastic used as interior trim, shall have a minimum Class B flame spread and 450 smoke-developed index in Group I-3 and for all other occupancies Class C flame spread and smoke-developed index when tested in accordance with ASTM E84 or UL 723, as described in Section 803.1.2. Combustible trim, excluding handrails and guardrails, shall not exceed 10 percent of the specific wall or ceiling area to which it is attached.

    [F] 806.6.1 Foam plastic. Foam plastic used as interior trim in any occupancy shall comply with Section 2604.2.

  • CBC § 410.2 High relevance — show source text

    Exception: Stages and platforms constructed in accordance with Sections 410.2 and 410.3, respectively.

    805.1.1 Subfloor construction. Floor sleepers, bucks and nailing blocks shall not be constructed of combustible materials, unless the space between the fire-resistance-rated floor assembly and the flooring is either solidly filled with noncombustible materials or fireblocked in accordance with Section 718, and provided that such open spaces shall not extend under or through permanent partitions or walls.

    805.1.2 Wood finish flooring. Wood finish flooring is permitted to be attached directly to the embedded or fireblocked wood sleepers and shall be permitted where cemented directly to the top surface of fire-resistance-rated floor assemblies or directly to a wood subfloor attached to sleepers as provided for in Section 805.1.1. 805.1.3 Insulating boards. Combustible insulating boards not more than [1] / 2 inch (12.7 mm) thick and covered with finish flooring are permitted where attached directly to a noncombustible floor assembly or to wood subflooring attached to sleepers as provided for in Section 805.1.1.

    SECTION 806—DECORATIVE MATERIALS AND TRIM

    [F] 806.1 General. The following requirements shall apply to all occupancies:

    1. Furnishings or decorative materials of an explosive or highly flammable character shall not be used.

    2. Fire-retardant coatings in existing buildings shall be maintained so as to retain the effectiveness of the treatment under service conditions encountered in actual use.

    3. Furnishings or other objects shall not be placed to obstruct exits, access thereto, egress therefrom or visibility thereof.

    4. The permissible amount of decorative vegetation and noncombustible decorative materials shall not be limited.

    [F] 806.2 Combustible decorative materials. In Groups A, B, E, I, M and R-1 and in dormitories in Group R-2, curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar combustible decorative materials suspended from walls or ceilings shall comply with Section 806.4 and shall not exceed 10 percent of the specific wall or ceiling area to which such materials are attached.

    Fixed or movable walls and partitions, paneling, wall pads and crash pads applied structurally or for decoration, acoustical correction, surface insulation or other purposes shall be considered to be interior finish, shall comply with Section 803 and shall not be considered to be decorative materials or furnishings.

    Exceptions:

    1. In auditoriums in Group A, the permissible amount of curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar combustible decorative materials suspended from walls or ceilings shall not exceed 75 percent of the aggregate wall area where the building is equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1, and where the material is installed in accordance with Section 803.15 of this code.

    2. In Group R-2 dormitories, within sleeping units and dwelling units, the permissible amount of curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar decorative materials suspended from walls or ceiling shall not exceed 50 percent of the aggregate wall areas where the building is equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.

    3. In Group B and M occupancies, the amount of combustible fabric partitions suspended from the ceiling and not supported by the floor shall comply with Section 806.4 and shall not be limited.

    4. The 10-percent limit shall not apply to curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar combustible decorative materials used as window coverings.

  • CBC § 8-10 High relevance — show source text

    8-10 2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    INTERIOR FINISH, DECORATIVE MATERIALS AND FURNISHINGS

    Fixed or movable walls and partitions, paneling, wall pads and crash pads applied structurally or for decoration, acoustical correction, surface insulation or other purposes shall be considered to be interior finish, shall comply with Section 803 and shall not be considered decorative materials or furnishings.

    Exceptions:

    1. In auditoriums in Group A, the permissible amount of curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar combustible decorative material suspended from walls or ceilings shall not exceed 75 percent of the aggregate wall area where the building is equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1, and where the material is installed in accordance with Section 803.15 of the California Building Code.

    2. In Group R-2 dormitories, within sleeping units and dwelling units, the permissible amount of curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar decorative materials suspended from walls or ceilings shall not exceed 50 percent of the aggregate wall areas where the building is equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.

    3. In Group B and M occupancies, the amount of combustible fabric partitions suspended from the ceiling and not supported by the floor shall comply with Section 807.3 and shall not be limited.

    4. The 10-percent limit shall not apply to curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar combustible decorative materials used as window coverings.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §3.08]. Decorative Materials.

    In every Group A, E, I, R-1, R-2, R-2.1, R-3.1 and R-4 occupancy, all drapes, hangings, curtains, drops and all other decorative material, including Christmas trees, that would tend to increase the fire and panic hazard shall be made from a nonflammable material, or shall be treated and maintained in a flame-retardant condition by means of a flame-retardant solution or process approved by the State Fire Marshal, as set forth in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8. Exits, exit lights, fire alarm sending stations, wet standpipe hose cabinets and fire extinguisher locations shall not be concealed, in whole or in part, by any decorative material.

    Exceptions: (a) Cubical curtains and individual patient room window curtains and drapes in Group I, R-2.1, R-3.1 and R-4 occupancies. (b) Window curtains and drapes within dwelling units of Group R-1 and R-2 occupancies. (c) Christmas trees within dwelling units of Group R-1 and R-2 occupancies.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §1273.1] Fabrics for Interior Use.

    Fabrics as described in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, 1272(c) intended for interior use shall be tested in their original condition only and shall meet the requirements for fire resistance outlined in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Section 1273.3.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §1273.2] Fabrics for Exterior Use.

  • CBC § 2.1 High relevance — show source text

    In every Group A, E, I, R-1, R-2, R-2.1, R-3.1 and R-4 occupancy, all drapes, hangings, curtains, drops and all other decorative material, including Christmas trees, that would tend to increase the fire and panic hazard shall be made from a nonflammable material, or shall be treated and maintained in a flame-retardant condition by means of a flame-retardant solution or process approved by the State Fire Marshal, as set forth in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8. Exits, exit lights, fire alarm sending stations, wet standpipe hose cabinets and fire extinguisher locations shall not be concealed, in whole or in part, by any decorative material.

    Exceptions: (a) Cubical curtains and individual patient room window curtains and drapes in Group I, R-2.1, R-3.1 and R-4 occupancies. (b) Window curtains and drapes within dwelling units of Group R-1 and R-2 occupancies. (c) Christmas trees within dwelling units of Group R-1 and R-2 occupancies.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §1273.1] Fabrics for Interior Use.

    Fabrics as described in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, 1272(c) intended for interior use shall be tested in their original condition only and shall meet the requirements for fire resistance outlined in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Section 1273.3.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §1273.2] Fabrics for Exterior Use.

    Fabrics as described in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, 1272(c) intended for exterior use shall meet the requirements for fire resistance outlined in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, 1273.3, and, in addition, they shall meet the require- ments for fire resistance outlined in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, 1237, both in their original state and after accelerated weathering.

    807.3 Acceptance criteria and reports. Where required to exhibit improved fire performance, curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and other similar combustible decorative materials suspended from walls or ceilings (shall be flame resistant in accordance with the provisions set forth in CCR, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8.) shall be tested by an approved agency and meet the flame propagation performance criteria of Test Method 1 or Test Method 2, as appropriate, of NFPA 701 or exhibit a maximum rate of heat release of 100 kW when tested in accordance with NFPA 289, using the 20 kW ignition source. Reports of test results shall be prepared in accordance with the test method used and furnished to the fire code official upon request.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §1321.1] Fabric and Material Certification.

    All concerns in whose name an approved flame-resistant fabric or material is registered shall issue approved certificates of flame resis- tance covering all such products sold for use in occupancies governed by the statutes. Copies shall be furnished to the buyer as well as the State Fire Marshal and the local fire authority of the customer’s city. These certificates shall be delivered within 10 days after the product is shipped and shall be completely filled out and signed by an authorized representative of the concern.

  • CBC § 806.4 High relevance — show source text

    [F] 806.4 Acceptance criteria and reports. Where required to exhibit improved fire performance, curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar combustible decorative materials suspended from walls or ceilings shall be tested by an approved agency and shall be flame resistant in accordance with the provisions set forth in CCR, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8 . Reports of test results shall be prepared in accordance with the test method used and furnished to the building official on request.

    2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 8-7

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    INTERIOR FINISHES

    [F] 806.5 Pyroxylin plastic. Imitation leather or other material consisting of or coated with a pyroxylin or similarly hazardous base shall not be used in Group A occupancies.

    [F] 806.6 Interior trim. Material, other than foam plastic used as interior trim, shall have a minimum Class B flame spread and 450 smoke-developed index in Group I-3 and for all other occupancies Class C flame spread and smoke-developed index when tested in accordance with ASTM E84 or UL 723, as described in Section 803.1.2. Combustible trim, excluding handrails and guardrails, shall not exceed 10 percent of the specific wall or ceiling area to which it is attached.

    [F] 806.6.1 Foam plastic. Foam plastic used as interior trim in any occupancy shall comply with Section 2604.2.

    [F] 806.7 Interior floor-wall base. Interior floor-wall base that is 6 inches (152 mm) or less in height shall be tested in accordance with Section 804.2 and shall be not less than Class II. Where a Class I floor finish is required, the floor-wall base shall be Class I.

    Exception: Interior trim materials that comply with Section 806.6.

    [F] 806.8 Combustible lockers. Where lockers constructed of combustible materials are used, the lockers shall be considered to be interior finish and shall comply with Section 803.

    Exception: Lockers constructed entirely of wood and noncombustible materials shall be permitted to be used wherever interior finish materials are required to meet a Class C classification in accordance with Section 803.1.2.

    SECTION 807—INSULATION

    807.1 Insulation. Thermal and acoustical insulation shall comply with Section 720.

    SECTION 808—ACOUSTICAL CEILING SYSTEMS

    808.1 Acoustical ceiling systems. The quality, design, fabrication and erection of metal suspension systems for acoustical tile and lay-in panel ceilings in buildings or structures shall conform to generally accepted engineering practice, the provisions of this chapter and other applicable requirements of this code.

    808.1.1 Materials and installation. Acoustical materials complying with the interior finish requirements of Section 803 shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations and applicable provisions for applying interior finish.

    808.1.1.1 Suspended acoustical ceilings. Suspended acoustical ceiling systems shall be installed in accordance with the provisions of ASTM C635 and ASTM C636.

    808.1.1.2 Fire-resistance-rated construction. Acoustical ceiling systems that are part of fire-resistance-rated construction shall be installed in the same manner used in the assembly tested and shall comply with the provisions of Chapter 7.

  • CBC § 806.2 High relevance — show source text

    806.2 Obstruction of means of egress. The required width of any portion of a means of egress shall not be obstructed by decorative vegetation. Natural cut trees shall not be located within an exit, corridor, or a lobby or vestibule.

    806.3 Open flame. Candles and open flames shall not be used on or near decorative vegetation. Natural cut trees shall be kept a distance from heat vents and any open flame or heat-producing devices not less than the height of the tree.

    806.4 Electrical fixtures and wiring. The use of unlisted electrical wiring and lighting on natural vegetation, including natural cut trees, shall be prohibited.

    SECTION 807—DECORATIVE MATERIALS AND ARTIFICIAL DECORATIVE VEGETATION IN NEW AND EXISTING BUILDINGS

    807.1 General. The following requirements shall apply to all occupancies:

    1. Furnishings or decorative materials of an explosive or highly flammable character shall not be used.

    2. Fire-retardant coatings in existing buildings shall be maintained so as to retain the effectiveness of the treatment under service conditions encountered in actual use.

    3. Furnishings or other objects shall not be placed to obstruct exits, access thereto, egress therefrom or visibility thereof.

    4. The permissible amount of noncombustible decorative materials shall not be limited.

    807.2 Combustible decorative materials. In Groups A, B, E, I, M and R-1 and in dormitories in Group R-2, curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and other similar combustible decorative materials suspended from walls or ceilings shall comply with Section 807.3 and shall not exceed 10 percent of the specific wall or ceiling area to which such materials are attached.

    8-10 2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    INTERIOR FINISH, DECORATIVE MATERIALS AND FURNISHINGS

    Fixed or movable walls and partitions, paneling, wall pads and crash pads applied structurally or for decoration, acoustical correction, surface insulation or other purposes shall be considered to be interior finish, shall comply with Section 803 and shall not be considered decorative materials or furnishings.

    Exceptions:

    1. In auditoriums in Group A, the permissible amount of curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar combustible decorative material suspended from walls or ceilings shall not exceed 75 percent of the aggregate wall area where the building is equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1, and where the material is installed in accordance with Section 803.15 of the California Building Code.

    2. In Group R-2 dormitories, within sleeping units and dwelling units, the permissible amount of curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar decorative materials suspended from walls or ceilings shall not exceed 50 percent of the aggregate wall areas where the building is equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.

    3. In Group B and M occupancies, the amount of combustible fabric partitions suspended from the ceiling and not supported by the floor shall comply with Section 807.3 and shall not be limited.

    4. The 10-percent limit shall not apply to curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar combustible decorative materials used as window coverings.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §3.08]. Decorative Materials.

  • CBC § 806.1.4 High relevance — show source text

    806.1.4 Fire-retardant treatments for natural cut trees. Where fire-retardant treatments are applied to natural cut trees, the fire-retardant treatment shall be tested by an approved agency and shall be treated and maintained in a flame-retardant condition by means of a flame-retardant solution or process approved by the State Fire Marshal, as set forth in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §3.08]. Decorative Materials.

    In every Group A, E, I, R-1, R-2, R-2.1, R-3.1 and R-4 occupancy, all drapes, hangings, curtains, drops and all other decorative material, including Christmas trees, that would tend to increase the fire and panic hazard shall be made from a nonflammable material, or shall be treated and maintained in a flame-retardant condition by means of a flame-retardant solution or process approved by the State Fire Marshal, as set forth in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8. Exits, exit lights, fire alarm sending stations, wet standpipe hose cabinets and fire extinguisher locations shall not be concealed, in whole or in part, by any decorative material.

    Exceptions: (a) Cubical curtains and individual patient room window curtains and drapes in Group I, R-2.1, R-3.1 and R-4 occupancies. (b) Window curtains and drapes within dwelling units of Group R-1 and R-2 occupancies. (c) Christmas trees within dwelling units of Group R-1 and R-2 occupancies.

    806.2 Obstruction of means of egress. The required width of any portion of a means of egress shall not be obstructed by decorative vegetation. Natural cut trees shall not be located within an exit, corridor, or a lobby or vestibule.

    806.3 Open flame. Candles and open flames shall not be used on or near decorative vegetation. Natural cut trees shall be kept a distance from heat vents and any open flame or heat-producing devices not less than the height of the tree.

    806.4 Electrical fixtures and wiring. The use of unlisted electrical wiring and lighting on natural vegetation, including natural cut trees, shall be prohibited.

    SECTION 807—DECORATIVE MATERIALS AND ARTIFICIAL DECORATIVE VEGETATION IN NEW AND EXISTING BUILDINGS

    807.1 General. The following requirements shall apply to all occupancies:

    1. Furnishings or decorative materials of an explosive or highly flammable character shall not be used.

    2. Fire-retardant coatings in existing buildings shall be maintained so as to retain the effectiveness of the treatment under service conditions encountered in actual use.

    3. Furnishings or other objects shall not be placed to obstruct exits, access thereto, egress therefrom or visibility thereof.

    4. The permissible amount of noncombustible decorative materials shall not be limited.

    807.2 Combustible decorative materials. In Groups A, B, E, I, M and R-1 and in dormitories in Group R-2, curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and other similar combustible decorative materials suspended from walls or ceilings shall comply with Section 807.3 and shall not exceed 10 percent of the specific wall or ceiling area to which such materials are attached.

    8-10 2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE

  • CBC § 807.4 High relevance — show source text

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §1325] Labeling Required .

    No drape, hanging, curtain, drop or similar decorative material or exterior fabric which has been treated by a registered flame-retardant application concern, either as yardage or after fabrication, or which is made from a registered approved fabric shall be installed after the effective date of these rules and regulations [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8] in any place or under any condition governed by Sections 13115 and 13119 of the Health and Safety Code unless such drape, hanging, curtain, drop, or similar decorative material or exterior fabric shall be labeled as required by California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Section 1324.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §1326] Retreatment.

    In cases where instructions are issued by the State Fire Marshal requiring retreatment or replacement of fabrics or materials previously treated with a flame-retardant chemical or registered as an approved fabric or material, the retreatment or replacement shall be made within ten (10) days after date of the order so requiring. A new certificate of flame resistance covering each such retreatment shall be delivered as for an original job as is provided for by California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Section 1321. A new sample of the retreated fabric or material shall be attached to the certificate of flame resistance submitted to the State Fire Marshal.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §1327] Installation.

    The standard fire-resistance tests presume installation of approved registered fabrics in a normal vertical position. Some decorative materials installed otherwise, such as in narrow strips or suspended overhead in a horizontal position, may exhibit different burning characteristics. Since it is not feasible to devise tests for all such installations differing from normal, they must be judged on an individual basis. Where indicated, the State Fire Marshal may perform such additional tests as he deems necessary to ensure adequate fire resis- tance of materials as installed.

    807.4 Artificial decorative vegetation. Artificial decorative vegetation shall comply with this section and the requirements of Sections 806.2 and 806.3. Natural decorative vegetation shall comply with Section 806.

    Exception: Testing of artificial vegetation is not required in Group I-1; Group I-2, Condition 1; Group R-2; Group R-3; or Group R-4 occupancies equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1, where such artificial vegetation complies with the following:

    1. Wreaths and other decorative items on doors shall not obstruct the door operation and shall not exceed 50 percent of the surface area of the door.

    2. Decorative artificial vegetation shall be limited to not more than 30 percent of the wall area to which it is attached.

    3. Decorative artificial vegetation not on doors or walls shall not exceed 3 feet (914 mm) in any dimension.

    807.4.1 Flammability. Artificial decorative vegetation shall meet the flame propagation performance criteria of Test Method 1 or Test Method 2, as appropriate, of NFPA 701. Meeting such criteria shall be documented and certified by the manufacturer in an approved manner. Alternatively, the artificial decorative vegetation shall be tested in accordance with NFPA 289, using the 20 kW ignition source, and shall have a maximum heat release rate of 100 kW.

  • CBC § 716.3.2.1.3 High relevance — show source text

    716.3.2.1.3 Where [1] / 3 -hour-fire-protection window assemblies permitted. Fire-protection-rated glazing shall be permitted in window assemblies tested to NFPA 257 or UL 9 in fire partitions requiring [1] / 3 -hour opening protection in accordance with Table 716.1(3).

    716.3.3 Fire window frames. Fire window frames installed with a fire window assembly shall meet the fire-protection rating indicated in Table 716.1(3).

    716.3.3.1 Window mullions. Metal mullions that exceed a nominal height of 12 feet (3658 mm) shall be protected with materials to afford the same fire-resistance rating as required for the wall construction in which the protective is located.

    716.3.4 Fire-protection-rated glazing. Glazing in fire window assemblies shall be fire protection rated in accordance with this section and Table 716.1(3). Fire-protection-rated glazing in fire window assemblies shall be tested in accordance with and shall meet the acceptance criteria of NFPA 257 or UL 9. Openings in nonfire-resistance-rated exterior wall assemblies that require protection in accordance with Section 705.3, 705.9, 705.9.5 or 705.9.6 shall have a fire protection rating of not less than [3] / 4 hour. Fire-protection-rated glazing in [1] / 2 -hour fire-resistance-rated partitions is permitted to have a 20-minute fire protection rating.

    716.3.4.1 Glass and glazing. Glazing in fire window assemblies shall be fire-protection-rated glazing installed in accordance with and complying with the size limitations set forth in NFPA 80.

    716.3.5 Labeled protective assemblies. Glazing in fire window assemblies shall be labeled by an approved agency. The labels shall comply with NFPA 80 and Section 716.3.5.2.

    716.3.5.1 Fire window frames. Fire window frames shall be approved for the intended application.

    716.3.5.2 Labeling requirements. Fire-protection-rated glazing shall bear a label or other identification showing the name of the manufacturer, the test standard and information required in Section 716.1.2.2.2 and Table 716.1(3) that shall be issued by an approved agency and permanently identified on the glazing.

    716.3.6 Installation. Fire window assemblies shall be installed in accordance with the provisions of this section.

    716.3.6.1 Closure. Fire-protection-rated glazing shall be in the fixed position or be automatic-closing and shall be installed in labeled frames.

    716.4 Fire protective curtain assembly. Approved fire protective curtain assemblies shall be constructed of any materials or assembly of component materials tested without hose stream in accordance with UL 10D, and shall comply with the Sections 716.4.1 through 716.4.3.

    716.4.1 Label. Fire protective curtain assemblies used as opening protectives in fire-rated walls and smoke partitions shall be labeled in accordance with Section 716.2.9.

    716.4.2 Smoke and draft control. Fire protective curtain assemblies used to protect openings where smoke and draft control assemblies are required shall comply with Section 716.2.1.4.

    716.4.3 Installation. Fire protective curtain assemblies shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 80.

    SECTION 717—DUCTS AND AIR TRANSFER OPENINGS

  • CBC § 807.3 High relevance — show source text

    807.3 Acceptance criteria and reports. Where required to exhibit improved fire performance, curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and other similar combustible decorative materials suspended from walls or ceilings (shall be flame resistant in accordance with the provisions set forth in CCR, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8.) shall be tested by an approved agency and meet the flame propagation performance criteria of Test Method 1 or Test Method 2, as appropriate, of NFPA 701 or exhibit a maximum rate of heat release of 100 kW when tested in accordance with NFPA 289, using the 20 kW ignition source. Reports of test results shall be prepared in accordance with the test method used and furnished to the fire code official upon request.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §1321.1] Fabric and Material Certification.

    All concerns in whose name an approved flame-resistant fabric or material is registered shall issue approved certificates of flame resis- tance covering all such products sold for use in occupancies governed by the statutes. Copies shall be furnished to the buyer as well as the State Fire Marshal and the local fire authority of the customer’s city. These certificates shall be delivered within 10 days after the product is shipped and shall be completely filled out and signed by an authorized representative of the concern.

    In addition to the required description on the reverse side of the certificate as to yardage or quantity, color and kind, notation should be made of the manufacturer’s production or lot control number, the purchase order or invoice number, and, where possible, the ulti- mate location and use.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §1324] Job Labeling.

    To every article that is treated and to every roll or package of registered approved fabric or material, a small label or tag shall be securely affixed, bearing the following information:

    (a) The Seal of Registration of the State Fire Marshal of California.

    (b) Name and registration number of the concern responsible for the job or production.

    (c) Name of the registered chemical used or the registered fabric or material.

    (d) Date the chemical was applied, or the fabric or material was produced.

    2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE 8-11

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    INTERIOR FINISH, DECORATIVE MATERIALS AND FURNISHINGS

    (e) The statement, “This article must be re-treated after washing or dry cleaning by systems with soap and water added” (if treated with a “Type II” chemical).

    This information may be stamped, printed or stenciled on the article if so desired.

    Concerns which treat or manufacture yardage goods may print or stencil their name, or the name of their fabric if registered, on the salvage (at least once every three yards) instead of affixing the label or tag as above.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §1325] Labeling Required .

  • CBC § 7-100 High relevance — show source text

    7-100 2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    7A MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION METHODS FOR EXTERIOR WILDFIRE

    EXPOSURE

    User notes:

    Provisions for Materials and Construction Methods for Exterior Wildfire Exposure are now located in Part 7, California Wildland-Urban Interface Code. See Section 101.4.8 Wildland-Urban Interface.

    The provisions of Part 7, the California Wildland-Urban Interface Code, shall apply to buildings and structures located in the wildland-urban interface (WUI) or Fire Hazard Severity Zone.

    2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 7A-1

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    7A-2 2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE

    CHAPTER 8 – INTERIOR FINISHES

    (Matrix Adoption Tables are nonregulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

    Adopting agency BSC BSC-
    CG    		 SFM HCD Col6 Col7 DSA Col9 Col10 OSHPD Col12 Col13 Col14 Col15 Col16 Col17 BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
    Adopting agency BSC BSC-
    CG    		 SFM 1 2 1/AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
    Adopt entire chapter X X X X X X X X X X X X
    Adopt entire chapter as
    amended (amended sections
    listed below)    		 X
    Adopt only those sections
    that are listed below    		 X
    Chapter / Section
    801.1 X
    Table 803.13 X
    804.1 X
    804.4 X
    804.4.1 X
    804.4.2 X
    804.4.3 X
    806.4 X
    806.
  • CBC § 9-72 High relevance — show source text

    9-72 2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    FIRE PROTECTION AND LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS

    914.5.5 Standpipe system. The underground building shall be provided throughout with a standpipe system in accordance with Section 905.

    914.6 Stages. Stages shall comply with Section 914.6.1.

    914.6.1 Automatic sprinkler system. Stages shall be equipped with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1. Sprinklers shall be installed under the roof and gridiron and under all catwalks and galleries over the stage. Sprinklers shall be installed in dressing rooms, performer lounges, shops and storerooms accessory to such stages.

    Exceptions:

    1. Sprinklers are not required under stage areas less than 4 feet (1219 mm) in clear height utilized exclusively for storage of tables and chairs, provided that the concealed space is separated from the adjacent spaces by Type X gypsum board not less than [5] / 8 inch (15.9 mm) in thickness.
    2. Sprinklers are not required for stages 1,000 square feet (93 m [2] ) or less in area and 50 feet (15 240 mm) or less in height where curtains, scenery or other combustible hangings are not retractable vertically. Combustible hangings shall be limited to a single main curtain, borders, legs and a single backdrop.
    3. Sprinklers are not required within portable orchestra enclosures on stages.
    4. Sprinklers are not required under catwalks and galleries where they are permitted to be omitted in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.

    914.7 Special amusement areas. Special amusement areas shall comply with Sections 914.7.1 through 914.7. 3 and Section 411 of the California Building Code.

    Exceptions:

    1. Special amusement areas that are without walls or a roof and constructed to prevent the accumulation of smoke are not required to comply with this section.
    2. Puzzle rooms provided with a means of egress that is unlocked, readily identifiable and always available are not required to comply with this section.

    914.7.1 Automatic sprinkler system. Buildings containing special amusement areas shall be equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1. Where the special amusement area is temporary ; less than 180 days; the sprinkler water supply shall be of an approved temporary means ; less than 180 days; means determined by the authority having jurisdiction.

    Exception: Automatic sprinklers are not required where the total floor area of a temporary ; less than 180 days; special amusement area is less than 1,000 square feet (93 m [2] ) and the exit access travel distance from any point in the special amusement area to an exit is less than 50 feet (15 240 mm).

    914.7.2 Fire alarm system. Buildings containing special amusement areas shall be equipped throughout with an automatic smoke detection system and an emergency voice/alarm communications system in accordance with Section 907. Presignal alarms and alarm activation shall comply with Sections 914.7.2.1 and 914.7.2.2, and emergency voice/alarm communications systems shall comply with Section 914.7.2.3.

Frequently asked questions

Do ordinary window curtains always have to be flame‑resistant?

Not necessarily — the CBC exempts curtains, draperies and similar combustible decorative materials used as ordinary window coverings from the 10% area limit; however, occupancy‑specific rules and state requirements (CCR Title 19) for certain occupancies may still apply, and the building official can require documentation where improved performance is needed (§ 806.2 and § 806.4) file.

What tests are acceptable to show compliance?

The CBC requires compliance with CCR Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8 (§ 806.4) . The California Fire Code also identifies commonly used acceptance tests (NFPA 701 Test Method 1 or 2, or NFPA 289 heat‑release criteria) that are accepted methods in practice (Fire Code § 807.3) .

If I treat fabric with a flame‑retardant spray, is that enough?

Treated fabric must meet the flame‑resistance standards and be treated/maintained per CCR Title 19; treated items require labeling/certificates under those regulations and must be maintained so the treatment remains effective (§ 806.4 and CCR Title 19 references) file.

Can I use imitation leather (pyroxylin) for stage curtains in a theater (Group A)?

No — § 806.5 explicitly prohibits imitation leather or material consisting of or coated with pyroxylin (or similarly hazardous base) in Group A occupancies (§ 806.5) .

Who enforces these testing and documentation requirements?

The building official enforces CBC requirements; test reports and certificates must be furnished to the building official upon request per § 806.4, and the local fire authority enforces related Fire Code and CCR Title 19 labeling/certification rules file.

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