§ 14.4

The purpose of this article is to promote public safety and welfare by regulating signs in keeping with the following objectives:

A. That the design, construction, installation, repair and maintenance of signs will not interfere with traffic safety or otherwise endanger public safety.

B. That the regulations will provide reasonable protection to the visual environment by controlling the size, height, spacing and location of signs.

C. That both the public and sign users will benefit from signs having improved legibility, readability and visibility.

D. That consideration will be given to equalizing the opportunity for messages to be displayed.

E. That adequacy of message opportunity will be available to sign users without dominating the visual appearance of the area.

F. That the regulations will conform to judicial decisions, thereby limiting further costly litigation and facilitating enforcement of these regulations. (Added by Ord. No. 180,841, Eff. 8/14/09.)

The following terms shall apply to this article. Other terms used in this article shall have the meanings set forth in Section 12.03 of this Code, if defined in that section.

Bisecting Line. A line that equally divides the angle created by the projection of intersecting lot lines of a lot adjoining the street of a corner lot as illustrated in Diagram C of this article.

Building Frontage. The projection of the building walls upon the street used for street frontage.

Digital Display. A sign face, building face, and/or any building or structural component that displays still images, scrolling images, moving images, or flashing images, including video and animation, through the use of grid lights, cathode ray projections, light emitting diode displays, plasma screens, liquid crystal displays, fiber optics, or other electronic media or technology that is either independent of or attached to, integrated into, or projected onto a building or structural component, and that may be changed remotely through electronic means. (Added by Ord. No. 180,841, Eff. 8/14/09.)

Face of Building. The general outer surface, not including cornices, bay windows or architectural projections, of any exterior wall of a building.

Freeway. A highway in respect to which the owners or those in possession of abutting lands have no right or easement of access to or from their abutting lands or in respect to which the owners have only limited or restricted right or easement of access, and which is declared to be a freeway, in compliance with the Streets and Highways Code of the State of California.

Identification Sign. A wall sign that is limited to a company logo, generic type of business, or the name of a business or building.

Illuminated Architectural Canopy Sign. An enclosed illuminated structure that is attached to the wall of a building with the face of the sign approximately parallel to the wall and with the message integrated into its surface.

Inflatable Device. A sign that is a cold air inflated object, which may be of various shapes, made of flexible fabric, resting on the ground or structure and equipped with a portable blower motor that provides a constant flow of air into the device. Inflatable devices are restrained, attached, or held in place by a cord, rope, cable or similar method. The term inflatable device shall not include any object that contains helium, hot air or a lighter-than-air substance.

Information Sign. A sign that is limited to a message giving directions, instructions, menus, selections or address numerals.

Main Traveled Roadway of a Freeway. The portion of a freeway, including interchange roadways connecting one freeway with another, which is designed for the movement of large volumes of vehicular traffic, efficiently and safely at high speed, but not including service roadways, landscape areas, or ingress or egress ramps connecting the freeway with other streets.

Monument Sign. A sign that is erected directly upon the existing or artificially created grade, or that is raised no more than 12 inches from the existing or artificially created grade to the bottom of the sign, and that has a horizontal dimension equal to or greater than its vertical dimension.

Nuisance, Public. Trash, debris, rubbish, weeds, graffiti, unpermitted posters/handbills, or illegal postings. (Added by Ord. No. 187,145, Eff. 9/30/ 21.)

Off-Site Sign. A sign that displays any message directing attention to a business, product, service, profession, commodity, activity, event, person, institution or any other commercial message, which is generally conducted, sold, manufactured, produced, offered or occurs elsewhere than on the premises where the sign is located.

Off-Site Sign Structure. A structure of any kind or character, erected, used or maintained for an off- site sign or signs, upon which any poster, bill, printing, painting, projected image or other advertisement may be placed.

On-Site Sign. A sign that is other than an off- site sign.

Original Art Mural. A one-of-a-kind, hand- painted, hand-tiled, or digitally printed image on the exterior wall of a building that does not contain any commercial message. For definition purposes, a commercial message is any message that advertises a business conducted, services rendered, or goods produced or sold. (Added by Ord. No. 182,706, Eff. 10/12/13.)

Perpendicular Line. A straight line between the point on a sign face that is closest to the street and the point where the line intersects the street lot line at a 90 degree angle, as illustrated in Diagram C of this article.

Pole Sign. A freestanding sign that is erected or affixed to one or more poles or posts and that does not meet the requirements of a monument sign.

Projecting Sign. A sign, other than a wall sign, that is attached to a building and projects outward from the building with one or more sign faces approximately perpendicular to the face of the building.

Projection. The distance by which a sign extends beyond the building line.

Public Art Installation. A facility, amenity or project that does not contain any commercial message and which is either an “approved public arts project” as defined by Section 19.85.4 of the Los Angeles Administrative Code or approved pursuant to Section 91.107.4.6 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code. For definition purposes, a commercial message is any message that advertises a business conducted, services rendered, or goods produced or sold. (Added by Ord. No. 182,706, Eff. 10/12/13.)

Roof Sign. A sign erected upon a roof of a building.

Sign. Any whole or part of a display board, wall, screen or object, used to announce, declare, demonstrate, display or otherwise present a message and attract the attention of the public.

Sign Area. An area circumscribed by the smallest geometric shape created with a maximum of eight straight lines, which will enclose all words, letters, figures, symbols, designs and pictures, together with all framing, background material, colored or illuminated areas and attention-attracting devices, forming an integral part of an individual message except that:

1. Wall signs having no discernible boundary shall have the areas between letters, words intended to be read together and any device intended to draw attention to the sign message included in any computation of surface area.

2. For spherical, cylindrical or other three-dimensional signs the area of the sign shall be computed from the smallest two-dimensional geometrical shape or shapes, which will best approximate the greatest actual surface area visible from any one direction.

3. Sign support structures are excluded if neutral in color.

4. “Time and Temperature” sign copy is excluded from computation of sign area if the copy is less than 56 square feet in area.

Sign Face. The surface upon which the sign message is placed.

Street Frontage. The length of a line separating a lot from one street.

Supergraphic Sign. A sign, consisting of an image projected onto a wall or printed on vinyl, mesh or other material with or without written text, supported and attached to a wall by an adhesive and/or by using stranded cable and eye-bolts and/or other materials or methods, and which does not comply with the following provisions of this Code: Sections 14.4.10; 14.4.16, 14.4.17; 14.4.18; and/or 14.4.20.

Temporary Construction Wall. A temporary solid fence or barrier of wood or similar material that provides protection for pedestrians and is erected and maintained on the perimeter of a construction or demolition site. (Amended by Ord. No. 187,145, Eff. 9/30/21.)

Temporary Sign. Any sign that is to be maintained for a limited duration, not to exceed 30 days, including paper signs and other signs that are not permanently affixed to the ground or building.

Vintage Original Art Mural. An Original Art Mural that existed prior to the operative date of this definition. (Added by Ord. No. 182,706, Eff. 10/12/13.)

Wall Sign. Any sign attached to, painted on or erected against the wall of a building or structure, with the exposed face of the sign in a plane approximately parallel to the plane of the wall.

Window Sign. Any sign, except for a supergraphic sign, that is attached to, affixed to, leaning against, or otherwise placed within six feet of a window or door in a manner so that the sign is visible from outside the building.

A. Scope. All exterior signs and sign support structures shall conform to the requirements of this article and all other applicable provisions of this Code, except that the provisions of Subsections 14.4.4 E. and G.; 14.4.4 I.; 14.4.5; 14.4.6; 14.4.12; 14.4.18; 91.6205.2; and 91.6216 of this Code shall not apply to the relocation of signs or sign support structures that existed on January 17, 1993, that were erected or are maintained by the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum Commission (Commission) on property owned or controlled, in whole or in part, by the Commission. The regulations in this Article do not apply to signs located primarily within a public right-of-way. (Amended by Ord. No. 187,145, Eff. 9/30/21.)

B. On-Site Signs. The following provisions of this Code, as applicable, shall apply to on-site signs: Sections 14.4.4 A.; 14.4.5; 14.4.6; 14.4.7; 14.4.9; 14.4.10; 14.4.11; 14.4.12; 14.4.13; 14.4.14; 14.4.15; 14.4.19; 91.6205; 91.6207; and 91.6216.

C. Off-Site Signs. The following provisions of this Code, as applicable, shall apply to off-site signs: Sections 14.4.4 A.; 14.4.5; 14.4.6; 14.4.18; 91.6205; and 91.6207.

D. Temporary Signs. The following provisions of this Code, as applicable, shall apply to temporary on-site and off-site signs: Sections 14.4.4 A.; 14.4.5; 14.4.6; 14.4.16; 14.4.17; 91.6205; and 91.6207.

E. (Deleted by Ord. No. 182,706, Eff. 10/12/13.)

A. Ideological and Political Signs. No provision of this article shall prohibit an ideological, political or other noncommercial message on a sign otherwise permitted by this article.

B. Prohibited Signs. Signs are prohibited if they:

1. Contain obscene matters, as defined in Section 311 of the Penal Code of the State of California.

2. Contain or consist of posters, pennants, banners, ribbons, streamers or spinners, except as permitted by Sections 14.4.16 and 14.4.17 of this Code.

3. Contain flashing, mechanical and strobe lights in conflict with the provisions of Sections 80.08.4 and 93.0107 of this Code.

4. Are revolving and where all or any portion rotate at greater than six revolutions per minute.

5. Are tacked, pasted or otherwise temporarily affixed on the walls of buildings, barns, sheds, trees, poles, posts or fences, except as permitted by Sections 14.4.16 and 14.4.17 of this Code.

6. Are affixed to any vehicle or trailer on private property if the vehicle or trailer is not intended to be otherwise used in the business and the sole purpose of attaching the sign to the vehicle or trailer is to attract people to a place of business.

7. Emit audible sounds, odor or visible matter.

8. Use human beings, live animals, animated figures, motion pictures or slide projectors in connection with any sign.

9. Are supergraphic signs. (Amended by Ord. No. 187,712, Eff. 1/23/23, Oper. 1/22/24; Ord. No. 187,930, Eff. 7/7/23.)

EXCEPTIONS: This prohibition shall not apply to supergraphic signs that are specifically permitted pursuant to a legally adopted specific plan, supplemental use district or an approved development agreement. This exception shall become operative only to the extent that Subdivision 9. is deemed constitutional upon the reversal of the trial court decision in the case of World Wide Rush, LLC v. City of Los Angeles, United States District Court Case No. CV 07-238 ABC.

In addition, notwithstanding the provisions of Sec. 13B.10.1. (General Provisions) of Chapter 1A of this Code, this prohibition shall not apply to any building permit issued prior to the effective date of this ordinance if the Department of Building and Safety determines that both substantial liabilities have been incurred, and substantial work has been performed on site, in accordance with the terms of that permit pursuant to Section 91.106.4.3.1 of Chapter 9 of this Code.

10. (Deleted by Ord. No. 182,706, Eff. 10/12/13.)

11. Are off-site signs, including off-site digital displays. This prohibition shall also apply to alterations, enlargements or conversions to digital displays of legally existing off-site signs with regard to the following exceptions: (Amended by Ord. No. 187,145, Eff. 9/30/21.)

EXCEPTIONS: This prohibition shall not apply to:

(a) alterations that conform to the provisions of Section 91.6216 and all other requirements of this Code; or

(b) off-site signs specifically permitted pursuant to a relocation agreement entered into pursuant to California Business and Professions Code Section 5412; or

(c) off-site signs, including off-site digital displays, that are specifically permitted pursuant to a legally adopted specific plan, supplemental use district or an approved development agreement; or

(d) non-digital off-site signs that are authorized by a valid building permit for a temporary sign on temporary construction walls or on fences of solid wood or similar material surrounding vacant lots pursuant to Section 14.4.17.

12. Are inflatable devices, except when inflatable devices are specifically permitted pursuant to a legally adopted specific plan, supplemental use district or an approved development agreement.

C. Prohibited Locations.

1. No sign or sign support structure shall project into any public alley, except that a sign or sign support structure above a height of 14 feet may project no more than six inches into a public alley.

2. No sign or sign support structure shall be located less than six feet horizontally or 12 feet vertically from overhead electrical conductors, which are energized in excess of 750 volts. The term “overhead electrical conductors” as used here shall mean any electrical conductor, either bare or insulated, installed above ground, except electrical conductors that are enclosed in iron pipe or other material covering of equal strength. Arcs of six foot radius may be used to define corners of prohibition area.

3. No sign or sign support structure shall be erected in a visibility triangle as defined by Sections 12.21 C.7. and 62.200 of this Code.

4. No sign or sign support structure shall be located within two feet of the curb or edge of any roadway.

D. Maintenance.

1. Appearance. Every sign shall be maintained in a clean, safe and good working condition, including the replacement of defective parts, defaced or broken faces, lighting and other acts required for the maintenance of the sign. The display surfaces shall be kept neatly painted or posted at all times.

2. Debris Removal. The base of any sign erected on the ground shall be kept clear of weeds, rubbish or other combustible material at all times.

3. Abandoned Signage. Ninety days after the cessation of a business activity, service or product, the related signs shall be removed, or the face of the signs shall be removed and replaced with blank panels or shall be painted out.

E. Sign Illumination Limitations. No sign shall be arranged and illuminated in a manner that will produce a light intensity of greater than three foot candles above ambient lighting, as measured at the property line of the nearest residentially zoned property.

F. Combination Signs. A sign, which is subject to more than one classification, shall meet the requirements for the classification to which each portion is subject.

G. Flag Lots. For purposes of this article, flag lots containing less than 50 feet of street frontage shall be allotted 50 feet of street frontage for the purpose of determining the type of sign permitted and for the allowable sign area.

H. Street Address Numbers. No sign shall be maintained on any property unless the street address of the property is maintained in accordance with the provisions of Section 63.113 of this Code.

I. Sign Permit Priority Status.

1. To maintain location, area, frontage, or spacing status, signs must be installed within six months of issuance of a building permit or prior to expiration of any permit extension granted by the Department of Building and Safety.

2. Where more than one permit has been issued and the effect of those permits when considered together results in a violation of this article, all permits except the permit with the earlier date and time of issuance shall be invalid.

J. Relief. Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 12.24, 12.27, 12.28 or any other section of this Code to the contrary, no relief from the provisions of Subsection B.9. or 11. of this section shall be granted. (Added by Ord. No. 180,841, Eff. 8/14/09.)

A. Prohibition. No sign or sign support structure shall be erected, constructed, painted or maintained, and no permit shall be issued, if the sign or sign support structure, because of its location, size, nature or type, constitutes a hazard to the safe and efficient operation of vehicles upon a street or a freeway, or which creates a condition that endangers the safety of persons or property.

B. Hazard Referral. The Department of Building and Safety shall refer the following to the Department of Transportation for hazard evaluation and determination prior to the issuance of a building permit:

1. All permit applications for signs that will be visible from and are located within 500 feet of the main traveled roadway of a freeway; and

2. All other permit applications and any signs that are determined by the Department of Building and Safety to have a potential for hazard.

C. Hazard Determination. The Department of Transportation shall return to the Department of Building and Safety each application so referred to it together with a statement of its determination. If the Department of Transportation determines that the sign or sign support structure will constitute a hazard, the Department of Building and Safety shall deny the application for permit.

(Amended by Ord. No. 180,841, Eff. 8/14/09.)

A. New Signs. No person shall erect, construct, install, paint, maintain, and no building or electrical permit shall be issued for, any sign or sign support structure within 2,000 feet of a freeway unless the Department of Building and Safety has first determined that the sign will not be viewed primarily from a main traveled roadway of a freeway or an on-ramp/off-ramp. However, at the termination of an off-ramp, any wall sign located along the front line may be viewed primarily from the off-ramp.

The phrase “viewed primarily from” shall mean that the message may be seen with reasonable clarity for a greater distance by a person traveling on the main traveled roadway of a freeway or on-ramp/off-ramp than by a person traveling on the street adjacent to the sign.

B. Exemption. The wall signs specified in Subdivisions 1. and 2. below are exempt from the limitation of Subsection A. above. These signs shall not have moving parts or any arrangement of lights that create the illusion of movement.

1. Identification signs identifying the building where the sign is located, providing the area of the sign is not more than 50 square feet or is not larger than five percent of the area of the side of the building, which faces primarily to the freeway, whichever is greater; and

2. Wall signs on which the advertising is limited to the name of any person, firm or corporation occupying the building, or the type of business, services rendered, or the name of any product manufactured or sold on the premises. The total area of all wall signs on a building permitted in this subdivision shall not exceed 100 square feet. Any one sign shall not exceed 50 square feet in area.

C. Existing Signs. Within three years of the opening of a freeway to public travel, all signs that existed prior to the opening of the freeway and that are in conflict with the provisions of this section and/or Section 14.4.5 of this Code shall be removed, or shall be rearranged or relocated so as to eliminate any conflict with the provisions of this section and/or Section 14.4.5 of this Code.

The Department of Building and Safety and the Department of Transportation shall determine whether or not the sign or sign support structure is in conflict with the provisions of this section and/or Section 14.4.5 of this Code. If it is determined that any sign or sign support structure is in conflict with any of the provisions of this section and/or Section 14.4.5 of this Code, then the permittee and/or other responsible person shall be advised and shall remove, rearrange or relocate the sign or sign support structure within this three-year period.

D. Operative Date. This section shall become operative only to the extent that this section is deemed constitutional upon the reversal of the trial court decision in the case of World Wide Rush, LLC v. City of Los Angeles, United States District Court Case No. CV 07-238 ABC.

A. Area. Information signs shall not exceed 25 square feet in area.

B. Height. Information signs shall be limited to a maximum overall height of six feet six inches above the sidewalk grade or edge of roadway grade nearest the sign.

A. Area.

1. The sign area of monument signs shall not exceed 1.5 square feet per foot of street frontage nor a maximum of 75 square feet for the sign face visible to the same direction of traffic.

2. The combined sign area of monument signs, projecting signs, wall signs, illuminated architectural canopy signs, pole signs, roof signs and window signs shall not exceed four square feet for each foot of street frontage.

B. Height. Monument signs shall be limited to a maximum overall height of eight feet above sidewalk grade or edge of roadway grade nearest the sign.

C. Location. Monument signs shall be located at least 7.5 feet from interior lot lines and at least 15 feet from any other monument sign, projecting sign or pole sign. The location of monument signs shall not interfere or present a hazard to pedestrian or vehicular traffic.

D. Shape. Monument signs shall have a horizontal dimension equal to or greater than their vertical dimension.

E. Projection. Monument signs shall not project over the roof of a building or over the building line.

A. Permitted. Projecting signs shall not be permitted on that portion of a lot having less than 50 feet of street frontage. Lots having a street frontage of at least 50 feet may have a projecting sign for each 200 feet or fraction of that area of street frontage, if the street frontage does not contain an existing projecting sign or a pole sign.

B. Area.

1. The sign area of projecting signs visible to the same direction of traffic shall not exceed 25 square feet plus 1.5 square feet for each foot of street frontage up to a maximum sign area of 300 square feet. Any projecting sign located at the street corner of a corner lot may use the greater street frontage in computing area limitations.

2. The combined sign area of projecting signs, wall signs, monument signs, illuminated architectural canopy signs, pole signs, roof signs and window signs shall not exceed four square feet for each foot of street frontage.

C. Height. A projecting sign shall not be located lower than eight feet above sidewalk grade or edge of roadway grade nearest the sign and shall not extend above the top of the wall.

D. Location.

1. A projecting sign shall be located at least 7.5 feet from any interior lot line.

2. A projecting sign shall be located at least 15 feet from any other projecting sign, monument sign or pole sign.

3. The plane of the sign face of a projecting sign shall be within 15 degrees of being perpendicular to the face of the building, except at the corner of the building.

E. Projections. A projecting sign may project over the building line, but shall not extend beyond the limits shown in Diagram A of this article. Sign projections shall fall within an area that is perpendicular to the building line and has a width of three feet as measured parallel with the building line. In no event, may a projecting sign project more than eight feet from the face of a building.

EXCEPTION: For projecting signs located above a 16-foot height and on a lot having a street frontage greater than 50 feet, projections over the building line may vary linearly from five feet at 50 feet to eight feet at 100 feet of street frontage.

A. Area.

1. The total sign area of wall signs facing a street shall not exceed two square feet for each foot of street frontage, plus one square foot for each foot of building frontage for a single-story building.

2. For buildings more than one story in height, the combined wall sign area shall not exceed that permitted for a single story by more than ten percent for each additional story. In no event, shall the combined wall sign area exceed by 50 percent that area permitted for a single-story building.

3. For wall signs that are made up of individual letters that use the wall of the building as background, the allowable sign area may be increased by 20 percent, provided there is no change in color between the background and the surrounding wall area.

4. The combined sign area of illuminated architectural canopy signs, roof signs and wall signs facing the same direction shall not exceed two square feet for each foot of street frontage, plus one square foot for each foot of building frontage.

5. The combined sign area of wall signs, projecting signs, monument signs, illuminated architectural canopy signs, pole signs, roof signs and window signs shall not exceed four square feet for each foot of street frontage.

B. Height. A wall sign shall not extend above the top of the wall of the building.

EXCEPTION: Where there is less than three feet between the top of the wall and the top of a window, the wall sign may extend above the top of the wall by a maximum of three feet.

C. Location.

1. No wall sign shall be located on a wall that faces and is within five feet of an interior lot line.

2. Wall signs installed on a wall that faces the rear lot line and that is located within 30 feet of property that is zoned R3 or more restrictive shall not be illuminated.

D. Projection.

1. No wall sign shall have a projection over any public street, other public property or building line greater than that permitted in Diagram A of this article.

2. No wall sign shall project more than 24 inches from the face of the building. If any message is placed on the edge of a wall sign, then that portion of the wall sign shall be regulated as a projecting sign.

E. High Rise Signs. Any wall signs located over 100 feet above grade shall be used as identification signs only. Identification signs shall comprise no more than 80 percent of the width of that portion of the building where the signs are attached. Notwithstanding the provisions of Subsection A. above, the area of these signs may constitute up to five percent of the area of the wall where the signs are attached and may be in addition to the area permitted in Subsection A. above.

as identification signs only. Identification signs shall comprise no more than 80 percent of the width of that portion of the building where the signs are attached. Notwithstanding the provisions of Subsection A. above, the area of these signs may constitute up to five percent of the area of the wall where the signs are attached and may be in addition to the area permitted in Subsection A. above.

F. Parking Lots. Where a parking lot exists between a wall sign and the street, and there is a wall between the parking lot and the street, a portion of the total sign area permitted by this section may be used on the wall located between the parking lot and the street so long as the sign does not project beyond the lot line. The sign shall be restricted to that portion of the wall between two feet six inches and three feet six inches in height above the finished grade at the base of the wall generally facing the street.

A. Area.

1. The area of illuminated architectural canopy signs shall not exceed two square feet for each foot of street frontage, plus one square foot for each foot of building frontage.

2. In applying sign area limits, only the area occupied by the message of the illuminated architectural canopy signs will be used.

3. The combined sign area of illuminated architectural canopy signs, roof signs and wall signs facing the same direction shall not exceed two square feet for each foot of street frontage, plus one square foot for each foot of building frontage.

4. The combined sign area of illuminated architectural canopy signs, projecting signs, monument signs, wall signs, pole signs, roof signs and window signs shall not exceed four square feet for each foot of street frontage.

B. Height. An illuminated architectural canopy sign shall not extend above the top of the wall of a building.

C. Clearance. Illuminated architectural canopy signs shall have a minimum clearance of eight feet above the sidewalk grade or edge of roadway grade nearest the sign and shall not be located closer than two feet from the curb of any roadway.

D. Emergency Personnel Access. Illuminated architectural canopy signs shall not occupy a four-foot distance along the exterior wall at one corner of the building’s street frontage and an additional four-foot distance along every 50 feet of the building frontage.

E. Illumination. The sign shall be internally illuminated so as to illuminate the canopy and the exterior wall below. The illuminated architectural canopy sign shall bear the electric sign label of an approved testing agency with a re-inspection service.

F. Projections. Illuminated architectural canopy signs may project over a building line. However, in no event may an illuminated architectural canopy sign project more than three feet from the face of the building.

A. Permitted. Pole signs shall not be permitted on that portion of a lot having less than 50 feet of street frontage. Lots having a street frontage of at least 50 feet may have a pole sign for each 200 feet or fraction of that area of street frontage, if the street frontage does not contain an existing pole sign or projecting sign.

B. Area.

1. Sign area visible to the same direction of traffic shall not exceed two square feet for each foot of street frontage, plus one square foot for each foot of building frontage.

2. The maximum area of any one pole sign shall not exceed 400 square feet.

3. Any pole sign that is located at the street corner of a corner lot may use the greater street frontage for area limitations.

4. The combined sign area of pole signs, projecting signs, monument signs, illuminated architectural canopy signs, wall signs, roof signs and window signs shall not exceed four square feet for each foot of street frontage.

C. Height. Height shall be measured from the nearest sidewalk or edge of roadway grade to the top of the sign. The overall height limitation shall be determined by street frontage as follows:

1. 25 feet for lots having 50 feet of street frontage;

2. 35 feet for lots having more than 50 feet and less than 100 feet of street frontage; and

3. 42 feet for lots having at least 100 feet of street frontage.

Any pole sign that is located at the street corner of a corner lot may use the greater street frontage for determining height limitations. In no event shall a sign exceed the height specified for the height district in which the sign is located.

D. Location.

1. Pole signs shall be located at least ten feet from interior lot lines; however, on corner lots and flag lots, pole signs may be located five feet from interior lot lines.

2. A pole sign shall be located at least 15 feet from any other pole sign, projecting sign or monument sign.

3. Pole signs shall be located so as not to interfere or present a hazard to pedestrian or vehicular traffic.

4. Where the lower part of a pole sign is less than eight feet above sidewalk grade or the edge of roadway grade nearest the sign, the sign shall extend to grade or shall be installed in a planter that extends beyond the edges of the sign and sign support structure and that is a minimum of 18 inches in height.

E. Projections. A pole sign may project over a building line, but shall not extend beyond the limits shown in Diagram A of this article. Sign projections shall fall within an area that is perpendicular to the building line and has a width of three feet as measured parallel to the building line.

F. Other Requirements. A maximum of two poles shall be permitted for any pole sign. The maximum cross- sectional dimension of a pole shall not exceed ten percent of the overall height of the sign.

A. Permitted. Roof signs shall be permitted only when placed directly upon a roof that slopes downward toward and extends to or over the top of an exterior wall.

B. Area.

1. Sign area shall not exceed two square feet for each foot of street frontage, plus one square foot for each foot of building frontage.

2. The maximum area of any one roof sign shall not exceed 300 square feet.

3. The combined area of roof signs, illuminated architectural canopy signs and wall signs facing the same direction shall not exceed two square feet for each foot of street frontage, plus one square foot for each foot of building frontage.

4. The combined sign area of wall signs, projecting signs, monument signs, illuminated architectural canopy signs, pole signs, roof signs and window signs shall not exceed four square feet for each foot of street frontage.

C. Height. The top of the roof sign shall be located at least two feet below the ridge of the roof.

D. Location.

1. Roof signs shall be located at least ten feet from interior lot lines.

2. Roof signs shall be located at least two feet from the edge of the roof.

3. The plane of the sign face of a roof sign shall be approximately parallel to the face of the building.

A. Area. The total area of all window signs shall not exceed ten percent of the area of the window.

B. Combined Area. The combined sign area of wall signs, projecting signs, monument signs, illuminated architectural canopy signs, pole signs, roof signs and window signs shall not exceed four square feet for each foot of street frontage.

A. General Requirements. Marquee signs shall comply with the requirements set forth in Section 3102 of the CBC and the following provisions of this Code: Sections 14.4.3 A.; 14.4.4 A.; 14.4.5; 14.4.6; 91.6205; and 91.6207.

B. Location. Signs shall not be attached to any portion of the marquee except on the periphery. Wall signs on the periphery shall not extend above or below the periphery. Cloth or banner signs or drop-roll curtains may be suspended below the exterior periphery and extend within seven feet of the grade.

A. Permit Required. Notwithstanding any other provision of this article, a building permit shall be required for a temporary sign, pennant, banner, ribbon, streamer or spinner, other than one that contains a political, ideological or other noncommercial message. The permit application shall specify the dates being requested for authorized installation and the proposed location.

B. Area.

1. The combined sign area of temporary signs shall not exceed two square feet for each foot of street frontage.

2. The combined sign area of temporary signs, when placed upon a window and any other window signs shall not exceed a maximum of ten percent of the window area.

C. Time Limit.

1. Temporary signs that require a permit shall be removed within 30 days of installation and shall not be reinstalled for a period of 30 days of the date of removal of the previous sign. The installation of temporary signs shall not exceed a total of 90 days in any calendar year.

2. Temporary signs that do not require a permit shall be removed within 30 days of the date of installation of the sign.

D. Location. Temporary signs, including those that do not require a building permit, may be tacked, pasted or otherwise temporarily affixed to windows and/or on the walls of buildings, barns, sheds or fences.

E. Construction. Temporary signs may contain or consist of posters, pennants, ribbons, streamers or spinners. Temporary signs may be made of paper or any other material. If the temporary sign is made of cloth, it shall be flameproofed when the aggregate area exceeds 100 square feet. Every temporary cloth sign shall be supported and attached with stranded cable of 1/16-inch minimum diameter or by other methods as approved by the Department of Building and Safety.

FENCES SURROUNDING VACANT LOTS. (Amended by Ord. No. 187,145, Eff. 9/30/21.)

A. Permit Required. A valid building permit for a sign, issued by the Department of Building and Safety (LADBS) in accordance with Section 91.6201.2, shall be required to place and maintain a temporary sign on a temporary construction wall, as defined in Section 14.4.2 of this Code, or on a fence of solid wood or similar material surrounding a vacant lot.

For the purposes of Section 14.4.17 and pursuant to Section 91.3306 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code, Temporary Construction Walls are deemed required when the City determines construction work is more than 8 feet in height and within 5 feet from the lot line, or more than 8 feet in height and within a distance of half the height of the construction work from the lot line.

The Department of Building and Safety shall issue a building permit for a temporary sign, pursuant to this section, after verifying that the plans comply with all applicable code provisions and all permit clearances have been approved upon confirmation of the following, as applicable:

1. Initial Permit Application.

(a) If the temporary sign is to be placed on a temporary construction wall:

(1) There is a separate valid building permit issued by the Department of Building and Safety authorizing construction work on the lot(s);

(2) At least a portion of the temporary construction wall is required pursuant to Section 91.3306 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code:

(3) A previous building permit for a temporary sign was not issued in conjunction with the same building permit referenced in A.1.(a)(1) of this subsection;

(4) A previous building permit for a temporary sign on the site was not expired or revoked within the preceding 12 months pursuant to Paragraph 14.4.17 C.1.(a) or Subdivision 14.4.17 G.4.; and

(5) When a business is operating on the site, temporary signage must comply with the following:

(i) the location of temporary signage is limited to the portion of the temporary construction wall that is required pursuant to Section 91.3306 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code; and

(ii) a minimum 40 linear feet of required temporary construction wall, not exceeding the boundaries of the site, may be installed and used for temporary signage; and

(iii) no site may exceed a maximum of 250 square feet of temporary signage.

(b) If the temporary sign is to be placed on a fence surrounding a vacant lot:

(1) There are no buildings or uses of land on the lot.

(2) A previous building permit for a temporary sign was not expired or revoked within the preceding 12 months pursuant to Subdivision 14.4.17 G.4.

2. Subsequent Permit Application.

(a) If Department of Building and Safety records indicate that a building permit for a temporary sign on a fence of solid wood or similar material surrounding a vacant lot on the site was previously issued:

(1) The sign complies with Paragraph A.1.(b) of Section 14.4.17 as applicable;

(2) A previous building permit for a temporary sign on the site was not expired or revoked within the preceding 12 months pursuant to Subdivision 14.4.17 G.4.;

(3) No more than one initial building permit for a temporary sign and one subsequent building permit for a temporary sign, for a total of two years, have been issued at the same site; and

(4) The Director of the Office of Community Beautification reviews and consents to the subsequent building permit in a written statement and determines an abatement area pursuant to Subdivision 14.4.17 G.1.

The Office of Community Beautification’s response for consent shall be provided within ten days of written request and based solely on its assessment as to whether a public nuisance exists indicated by the presence of graffiti, posters/handbills and any other illegal postings, as well as trash, debris, rubbish, and weeds on public property pursuant to the review described in Subsection 14.4.17 G.1.

B. Area. Notwithstanding the provisions of Subsection 14.4.16 B. of this Code, signs placed on temporary construction walls, and/or solid wood fences surrounding vacant lots pursuant to the terms of this section shall not extend above the top of the wall or fence and shall comply with the following:

1. The combined sign area of temporary signs shall not exceed 8 square feet for each foot of street frontage.

2. Individual signs shall not exceed a sign area of 250 square feet.

3. Signs may be grouped to form a maximum sign area of 250 square feet.

4. Signs or groups of signs having an area of 250 square feet shall be separated from any other sign on the temporary construction walls and/or solid wood fences surrounding vacant lots by at least 10 feet measured horizontally.

C. Time Limit. Notwithstanding the provisions of Subsection 14.4.16 C. of this article, a building permit for a temporary sign is time limited by the following:

1. A building permit for a temporary sign placed on a temporary construction wall shall remain valid for two years, or during the duration of the construction work, under a separate valid building permit, requiring a barrier, pursuant to Section 91.3306 of Los Angeles Municipal Code, whichever is less.

(a) If the construction work authorized by the separate building permit has not commenced by the 180th day following the permit issuance date, or the 90th day when an operating business exists on the site, or work has been suspended, discontinued or abandoned for a continuous period of 180 days, or 90 days when an operating business exists on the site, the building permit for the temporary sign permitted pursuant to Subsection 14.4.17 A. shall be expired. If the separate building permit is revoked or expired, the building permit for the temporary sign shall be expired. Subsequent building permits for a temporary sign at the same site, issued in conjunction with the original separate construction permit, shall not be authorized.

ists on the site, the building permit for the temporary sign permitted pursuant to Subsection 14.4.17 A. shall be expired. If the separate building permit is revoked or expired, the building permit for the temporary sign shall be expired. Subsequent building permits for a temporary sign at the same site, issued in conjunction with the original separate construction permit, shall not be authorized.

2. A building permit for a temporary sign placed on a fence of solid wood or similar material surrounding a vacant lot shall remain valid for one year, or for as long as the lot remains vacant, whichever is less. Subsequent building permits for temporary signs on a fence of solid wood or similar material surrounding a vacant lot at the same site shall be issued under the terms of Subsection A. of this Section, not to exceed two additional permits, for a total of three years.

D. Height. Signs may only be placed to a maximum height of 8 feet.

E. Location. Temporary signs placed on the exterior surfaces of any required temporary construction walls, and/or solid wood fences surrounding vacant lots are limited to lots located in a commercial, industrial or RAS zone.

F. Construction. Notwithstanding the provisions of Subsection 14.4.16 E. of this Code, Temporary signs on Temporary Construction Walls or on fences of solid wood or similar material surrounding vacant lots shall be made of paper, vinyl, or other similar material.

G. Special Requirements for Signs on Temporary Construction Walls, and/or Solid Wood Fences Surrounding Vacant Lots.

1. Review by the Office of Community Beautification. For the purposes of determining whether to consent to a subsequent building permit under this section, or at any time after the issuance of a building permit for a sign under this section, the Office of Community Beautification may investigate an area around the permitted site or lot to determine whether there exists a public nuisance due to the presence of graffiti, posters/handbills and any other illegal postings, as well as trash, debris, rubbish, and weeds on public property within the abatement radius.

For a subsequent building permit for a sign, if the Office of Community Beautification cannot establish that a public nuisance exists because of the presence of graffiti, posters/handbills and any other illegal postings, as well as trash, debris, rubbish and weeds on public property within a 750-foot abatement radius around the permitted site or lot, then the Office of Community Beautification shall expand the radius around the site or lot in 250-foot increments, up to a maximum abatement radius of 1,500 feet. If the Office of Community Beautification finds the existence of a public nuisance on public property within the expanded radius area beyond the original 750-foot radius, then it shall require the sign company or property owner to abate the public nuisance in the expanded radius area in accordance with Subdivision G.3., Nuisance Abatement, below.

ts, up to a maximum abatement radius of 1,500 feet. If the Office of Community Beautification finds the existence of a public nuisance on public property within the expanded radius area beyond the original 750-foot radius, then it shall require the sign company or property owner to abate the public nuisance in the expanded radius area in accordance with Subdivision G.3., Nuisance Abatement, below.

2. Notification and Reporting. Upon issuance of a building permit for a sign and installation of any signs on temporary construction walls, and/or solid wood or similar material fences surrounding vacant lots, the sign company or property owner shall install an 18" x 24" placard in a conspicuous location on the wall or fence. The placard shall be made of a durable laminated paper, vinyl or other weather resistant material with contrasting black letters on white background at least 2 inches in height. The placard shall conspicuously display the following information that the City wishes to display in lettering at least 1 inch high:

a. This is an Official Notice of the City of Los Angeles and shall not be defaced.

b. Temporary Signs have been placed on this wall or fence pursuant to Los Angeles Municipal Code Section 14.4.17, “Temporary Signs on Temporary Construction Walls and on Solid Wood Fences Surrounding Vacant Lots.”

c. Building permit number: __________ and expiration date: __________.

d. Phone number of the Department of Public Works’ Office of Community Beautification: __________.

e. Name and phone number of the sign operator’s representative for public reporting of graffiti, posters/handbills and any other illegal postings, as well as trash, debris, rubbish, and weeds for removal within the required abatement radius: ____________________.

Within ten days after the issuance of the building permit for a sign, the sign company or property owner shall provide written notification to the Office of Community Beautification and the Council District Office of the council district in which the construction site or vacant lot is located. The notification shall contain the name and address of the sign company or property owner and the property address where the signs will be placed. The notification to the Office of Community Beautification shall include a copy of the sign company’s contract with the property owner to post signs at the specified location.

Permit holders shall report the amount, type, and location of clean-ups within the abatement area to the Office of Community Beautification every 30 days for the duration of the building permit for the sign. Reporting shall be thorough and include before and after photo documentation, City of Los Angeles MyLA311 App request confirmation and/or other documentation stating date and time of clean up, as well as receipts for where materials were disposed.

ion of clean-ups within the abatement area to the Office of Community Beautification every 30 days for the duration of the building permit for the sign. Reporting shall be thorough and include before and after photo documentation, City of Los Angeles MyLA311 App request confirmation and/or other documentation stating date and time of clean up, as well as receipts for where materials were disposed.

Any building permit for a sign issued pursuant to this section may be immediately expired by the Department of Building and Safety, provided that a written and signed notification of the sign company or property owner’s failure to meet the notification and reporting requirements of this subdivision is sent to the Department of Building and Safety by the Director of the Office of Community Beautification. For all permits expired pursuant to this section, the Department of Building and Safety shall issue a notification to the permit holder upon expiration of the permit, including information about the appeals process.

3. Nuisance Abatement. It shall be the sign company and property owner’s responsibility to clean and maintain free from graffiti public property and rights-of-way within an area consisting of a 750-foot radius or any expanded radius required by the Office of Community Beautification around the permitted site or lot. The property owner’s representative shall patrol the abatement area every 24 hours to search for and remove any graffiti within 24 hours of its discovery. The removal of graffiti shall include, but not be limited to, spray paint on walls, poles, and fences on public property. In addition, the property owner’s representative shall also be responsible for removing any posters/handbills on light poles, utility poles, bus stops, and any other illegal postings on public property. At the time of graffiti removal, the property owner’s representative shall also remove from public property any trash, debris, rubbish, and weeds, as well as report bulky items within the abatement area around the permitted site. The sign company and property owner shall comply with the administrative policies and procedures set by the Office of Community Beautification. The Office of Community Beautification shall enforce the provisions of this subsection.

4. Permit Revocation. Any building permit for a sign issued pursuant to this section may be revoked by the Department of Building and Safety for any of the following reasons, provided a written and signed notification of the sign company or property owner’s failure to comply with Paragraphs (c), (d), (e), (f) or (g) of this subdivision is sent to the Department of Building and Safety by the Director of the Office of Community Beautification:

(a) Failure by the sign company or property owner to comply with the terms of the permit.

(b) Failure by the sign company or property owner to maintain the bond required in Section 91.6201.2 2. of the Los Angeles Municipal Code.

(c) Failure by the sign company or property owner to maintain the temporary construction wall and/or solid wood fences surrounding vacant lots free from graffiti.

(d) Failure by the sign company or property owner to eliminate graffiti within a 750-foot radius or any expanded radius required by the Office of Community Beautification of the temporary construction wall, and/or solid wood or similar material fences surrounding vacant lots within 24 hours of receiving notification of the presence of graffiti from the Office of Community Beautification or the City Council district office of the district in which the construction site or vacant lot is located.

(e) Failure by the sign company or property owner to remove posters/ handbills placed on light poles, utility poles, bus stops and any other illegal postings on public property within a 750-foot radius or any expanded radius required by the Office of Community Beautification of the site, within 24 hours of receiving notification from the Office of Community Beautification or the City Council district office of the district in which the construction site or vacant lot is located.

(f) Failure by the sign company or property owner, at the time of graffiti removal, to report bulky items and/or remove trash, debris, rubbish and weeds from public property within a 750-foot radius or any expanded radius required by the Office of Community Beautification of the permitted site.

(g) The Office of Community Beautification sends three or more notifications of failure to comply with paragraphs (c), (d), (e) or (f) of this subdivision to the sign company or property owner within a three-month period.

5. Removal of Signs. The sign company or property owner must remove the temporary signs authorized by this section by the date the sign permit becomes invalid due to its time limit or no later than the permit expiration or revocation date.

6. Public Nuisance. Any signs remaining on temporary construction walls, and/or solid wood or similar material fences surrounding vacant lots after the building permit has expired or is revoked are deemed to be a public nuisance that can be abated by utilizing the procedure contained in Section 91.8904 et seq. of the Code.

7. Office of Community Beautification. The Office of Community Beautification is hereby designated the authorized representative of the City for the purpose of enforcing and implementing the provisions of Section 91.8904.1.2 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code for compelling the removal of a sign which is a public nuisance under Subdivision 14.4.17 G.6.

A. Area. The sign area of a single face shall not exceed 800 square feet.

B. Height.

1. The height to the top of the off-site sign shall be limited to a maximum of 42 feet above the sidewalk grade or edge of roadway grade nearest the sign, except that a sign that is more than 80 percent above a roof of a building may extend to the top of the sign a maximum of 30 feet above the surface of the roof under the sign.

2. In no event shall the height to the top of the off-site sign exceed a height greater than that height specified for the height district in which the sign is located, or a height of 60 feet above the sidewalk grade or edge of roadway grade nearest the sign, whichever is more restrictive.

3. The bottom of the off-site sign shall be at least eight feet above the sidewalk grade or edge of roadway grade nearest the sign.

C. Location.

1. No portion of an off-site sign with a sign area greater than 80 square feet shall be placed within 200 feet of a residentially zoned lot, which is located on the same side of the same street as the lot on which the sign is placed. However, where a lot has two or more street frontages, a sign may be located on that street frontage, which is not on the same street as the residentially zoned lot; provided the sign and sign support structure are placed in that half of the lot that is the farthest from the street frontage on which the residentially zoned lot is located.

2. No portion of an off-site sign or sign support structure shall be located in that half of a lot located farthest from the street frontage when residentially zoned property is located to the rear of that street frontage.

3. Off-site signs are not permitted along that portion of a lot having a street frontage of less than 50 feet.

4. No more than four off-site signs shall be located at the intersection of two or more streets when the off-site signs are located within 150 feet of the intersection of two street frontages.

5. An off-site sign face shall not be located within one foot of an interior lot line.

D. Frontage Determination on Lots with Lot Lines Adjoining More Than One Street.

1. An off-site sign shall be considered to be on a single street for purposes of Sections 14.4.18 A. and 14.4.18 D. of this Code if the sign and its support structure are located entirely on the side of the bisecting line closest to that street and the sign face is placed at the same angle as the perpendicular line or at an angle not to exceed 20 degrees from either side of the perpendicular line as shown on Diagram C of this article.

2. An off-site sign located on a through lot shall be located on a single street if the sign and its support structure are located entirely on that half of the lot closest to the lot line adjoining that street.

Any off-site sign not in conformance with either Subdivision 1. or 2. above shall be considered to be located on more than one street frontage.

E. Spacing.

1. An off-site sign, which is either single-faced or parallel double- faced, shall be spaced as specified in Table No. B of this article from any other existing or previously permitted off-site sign, which is single- faced or parallel double-faced.

2. For any double-faced off-site sign, the spacing requirements shall be based on the area of the largest sign face.

3. For double-faced off-site signs whose faces are not parallel, the spacing between any proposed, permitted or existing off-site sign shall be determined by the following formula:

D = S 1+ (B – 5) 90

WHERE:

D= required spacing between signs, in feet.

S= sign spacing determined from Table No. B below in feet.

B= widest edge separation of sign faces in feet.

4. Spacing shall be measured between off-site signs that are located on the same side of the same street. Spacing shall be measured from a line that is perpendicular to the building line and that passes through a point on the building line that is closest to the nearest sign face edge. Spacing shall be measured along the center line of the street.

F. Double-faced Off-Site Signs.

1. Off-site signs may be either single or double-faced.

2. For double-faced off-site signs whose faces are parallel, the distance between sign faces shall not exceed six feet.

3. For double-faced off-site signs whose faces are not parallel, the distance between sign faces at their widest point shall not exceed 35 feet. The separation of sign faces at their closest point shall not exceed six feet. In no event shall the angle between sign faces exceed 37 degrees.

G. Projection. Off-site signs shall not project beyond the building line.

H. Covering. The backs of off-site signs exposed to public view shall be covered with a finished surface or material and shall be properly maintained.

I. Other Requirements.

1. A maximum of two poles shall be permitted for any off-site sign. The maximum cross-sectional dimension of a pole shall not exceed ten percent of the overall height of the sign.

2. Off-site sign supports shall be structurally independent of a building.

3. Sign support structures must be located directly under the sign face as viewed from the front of the sign. The maximum horizontal distance between the center of the sign support structure and the sign face shall not exceed ten feet.

No sign shall be placed on any portion of an awning except the valance. The sign area is limited to a maximum of 12 inches in height on the portion of the valance that is parallel to the building face, and only when the awning complies with all applicable provisions of Sections 91.3202 and 91.3202.3.1 of this Code. Signs are not permitted on awnings with a valance above a height of 14 feet as measured from the nearest sidewalk or edge of roadway grade to the top of the valance.

INSTALLATIONS. (Title and Section Amended by Ord. No. 182,706, Eff. 10/12/13.)

An Original Art Mural that conforms to the requirements of Section 22.119 of the Los Angeles Administrative Code is not considered a sign and therefore is not subject to the provisions of this Article or any other ordinance that regulates signs. Any supposed “mural” that does not conform to the requirements of Section 22.119 of the Los Angeles Administrative Code shall be considered a sign and subject to the provisions of this Article or any other ordinance that regulates signs and digital displays. A Public Art Installation registered pursuant to the requirements of Section 19.85.4 of the Los Angeles Administrative Code or the requirements of Section 91.107.4.6 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is not a sign, but is subject to Section 14.4.4 E. of this Article and any other applicable zoning and land use regulations set forth in the Los Angeles Municipal Code. A building permit from the Department of Building and Safety is required for a new hand-tiled or digitally printed Original Art Mural or any Public Art Installation.

Severability. If any part, sentence, phrase, clause, term or word in Section 14.4.2 or Section 14.4.20 of this Code relating to Original Art Murals is declared invalid or unconstitutional by a valid court judgment or decree of any court of competent jurisdiction, the declaration of such unconstitutionality shall not affect the constitutionality or lawfulness of the remainder of this Code, the Los Angeles Administrative Code or any other City regulation regulating signage, billboards or Original Art Murals.

DIAGRAM A

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TABLE NO. B SPACING REQUIREMENTS BETWEEN OFF-SITE SIGNS

                            PROPOSED SIGN
           Sign Area        Less than 80 sq. 80 sq. ft. to Greater than 300
                            ft.              300 sq. ft.   sq. ft.
           Less than 80 sq. 100 ft.          100 ft.       200 ft.
           ft.

Existing or 80 sq. ft. to 100 ft. 300 ft. 300 ft. Permitted Sign 300 sq. ft. Greater than 300 200 ft. 300 ft. 600 ft. sq. ft.

DIAGRAM C

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ARTICLE 4.5 TRANSFER OF FLOOR AREA RIGHTS – CENTRAL CITY COMMUNITY PLAN AND CITY CENTER REDEVELOPMENT PROJECT AREAS

(Article and Title Amended in Entirety, Ord. No. 181,574, Eff. 3/27/11.)

Section 14.5.1 Scope. 14.5.2 Purpose. 14.5.3 Definitions. 14.5.4 Prohibition. 14.5.5 Early Consultation Session. 14.5.6 Approval of Transfers – Authority and Procedures for Projects Involving Transfers of 50,000 Square Feet or Greater. 14.5.7 Director’s Determination. 14.5.8 General Requirements. 14.5.9 Public Benefit Payment. 14.5.10 TFAR Transfer Payment. 14.5.11 Payments and Vesting. 14.5.12 Public Benefit Payment Trust Fund.